Age-related aspects of heart development in football players aged 14-15 years

Aim. To investigate age-dependent cardiac structural development and autonomic regulation in adolescent football players aged 14-15 years. Material and methods. A study of 33 football players aged 14 (n = 15) and 15 (n = 18) was conducted using standardized anthropometry, echocardiography, and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Correlation analysis was used to assess relationships between anthropometric, cardiac morphofunctional, and autonomic parameters.