Age and experience features of development and structure of health disorders in Kola Polar miners

Introduction. The health status of a working person is determined mainly by his age, as well as by the intensity and duration of exposure to harmful production factors. The aim of the study was to assess the age and seniority characteristics of health disorders development in underground miners of the Kola Polar region. The material of the study included data from periodic medical examinations of 1828 miners who carried out underground mining of apatite-nepheline and copper-nickel ores. All of them had harmful working conditions of hazard classes 3.1-3.3. Results. It was found that at the beginning of their labor activity, miners have high rates of diseases of the eyes, respiratory and digestive organs, skin, and infectious pathology. During working life, there is an increase in the likelihood of developing musculoskeletal, nervous systems, circulatory, and ear diseases. At the same time, the importance of diseases of the eye and its appendages, respiratory and digestive organs, skin, infectious and parasitic diseases decrease with increasing age and length of service. The most significant negative changes in the health of miners occur at the age of 30-49 years and with a length of service of 6-15 years. During the labor activity, the number of diseases diagnosed in one worker increases 3.14-4.15 times, and the number of practically healthy persons among miners decreases from 20.9-22.0% to zero. Conclusion. The study of the health status of miners, taking into account changes in age and experience, makes it possible to predict age and seniority periods of increased risk of developing various classes of chronic pathology and to determine the periods of the most effective preventive measures.