The relationship of the value of milk yields with the reasons for the culling of Holstein cows from the herd

With the increase in milk yields of cows of any dairy breed of cattle, the problem of forced culls from the herd arises. This is especially true of the Holstein breed. To solve this problem, we conducted research in the breeding reproductor of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Federal Research Center of ZBK. Breeding records for 559 cows were studied. The average milk yield for 305 days varied from 3188 to 8421. In accordance with this, the cows were divided into 3 groups: up to 5000 kg - low milk yield (137 heads), from 5001 to 6000 kg medium (256 heads), from 6001 kg - high (165 goals). The research used methods that are basic in animal breeding experiments. Different reasons for culling from the herd at different levels of productivity were investigated. Including culling of cows due to diseases of the limbs, difficult calving and barrenness, diseases of the digestive system, respiratory systems, etc. It was found that regardless of the size of milk yields, a large percentage of culls due to limb diseases was observed in the herd (from 29.9 to 31.7%). Difficult calving and complications accounted for up to 27.1%. Among the culled cows, it was found that with an increase in the number of milk yields, the number of cases of diseases of the digestive and respiratory systems increases. The results of the research led to the conclusion that the company is recommended to be more attentive to balancing the diet for highly productive cows and microclimate in livestock buildings, to determine the causes of diseases of the respiratory system. A set of these measures will reduce the percentage of culls of cows.