Women in the labor market

To date, the labor market is rather complex structure, which characterizes relations concerning the purchase and sale. This complex structure of acute pressure on the weak half - women in the labor market. With the transition to market relations sharply reduced level of employment and as a consequence - high rates of unemployment in our country.

Of course, socialism, problems of this magnitude was not because they were guaranteed jobs for equal pay. But today, there is clearly a negative pattern: discrimination against women in the labor market. It manifests itself in the wage of women as compared to men, besides women often fired from their jobs than men. Although women learn all kinds of work - today it is difficult to divide the work into male or female. With the same success can be a cook man and a woman - a taxi driver.

From an economic point of view to judge the unequal "against" the labor market for women and men is quite difficult, as the level of employment for women is only slightly behind the men. (See. Table 1)

Table 1

The ratio of people employed in the economy of men and women for 2011

The paradox is that, other things being equal - with the same education and skills of women do not feel competitive.

According to statistics revealed that women with higher and secondary special education (gender-based comparison) much more and much less - with secondary and primary. According to Rosstat, the unemployed, with engineering specialty and members of the scientific divisions, about 70% of women, and unemployed teachers in all types of educational institutions - 85%. Working as women in need of employment, only about 14%.

But at the same time, women's wages at the level of 58-85% of men's wages similar qualification categories. It is clear that the labor supply does not meet demand for it on a professional basis, which greatly complicates the employment of unemployed women.

Women are starting to look for work, mainly faced with questions of personal character than their professional competence.

Many similar applicants the opinion that, despite their professional and family aspects perceived as a reason for the refusal to accept. The objectivity of the survey confirms the suspicions of the National Union of Personnel. The study identified three groups of workers the least desirable:

• 1.    childless women in the first two years after the marriage,

• 2.    single mothers,

• 3.    divorced women with two or more children.

In 84% of the candidates of these categories will be denied under the pretext. 9% of HR managers are ready to consider the candidates from the list only on condition that their experience and knowledge level is much higher than other candidates. And only 7% of respondents, no matter your marital status and contribution to the country's demographics.

That is clearly traced sexual discrimination in the selection of personnel. Employers do not go to take "social cargo" and prefer to take a man to work, rather than a woman. Paints concentrated and stereotypes. It is no secret that women find talkers and gossip, which can only to drink tea and talk about everything except work. But why such superficial signs must put a shadow on the professionalism of the women?

Not all women are talkative and lazy? Not at all, talkativeness, laziness or other disadvantages not bestowed with gender differences. In contrast, all women, and combine household chores and career. It should be borne in mind that the graceful worker - men who are so proud of you - the employer, ironed, fed and groomed by his wife, who also works.

So, the main cause of gender inequality in the labor market - is the stereotypes attributed to gender differences. We must learn to look with different eyes to such a situation and evaluate only professional human capabilities. But in our country is so firmly entrenched stereotype, this bone, that a similar phenomenon for a long time seen as normal.