Infection with barley yellow dwarf virus and wheat streak mosaic varieties of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) grown in the Middle Urals

Rye is a strategically important crop in Russia, which is less demanding than other crops on soil fertility, mineral nutrition conditions and plant protection measures. Monitoring of the phytosanitary condition of winter rye varieties is a necessary measure for its stable yield. Four varieties of domestic selection Secale cereale L. (Nika, Vikras, Parom and Chusovaya), grown in the conditions of the Middle Urals in the experimental fields of the Perm and Ural Research Institute were subjected to PCR diagnostics of viral infections. RNA samples of 4 varieties of winter rye were analyzed by real-time PCR for infection with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). Barley yellow dwarf was diagnosed in 60% of all studied samples of winter rye leaves, and wheat streak mosaic virus was diagnosed in 15% of the studied samples. The most resistant to barley yellow dwarf virus is the variety of winter rye Chusovaya, since it is infected only in the field of the Perm Research Institute. Nika 3, Vikras and Chusovaya varieties are the most resistant to wheat streak mosaic virus. A variety of winter rye was infected with this virus by Parom (30%). Further monitoring of the phytosanitary situation and profiling of viral infections of winter rye varieties in the territory of the Middle Urals is necessary.