Origin and formation of civic education in the Russian army of the pre-revolutionary period

In article the bases of a periodization of development of civic education of the military personnel on the basis of which pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern his stages are allocated are designated. The thought that before the beginning of the 18th century civil formation of civic consciousness in Ancient Russia and the Moscow state was limited to self-education of the people forming army reveals. Results of the analysis of process of formation and development of civic education of the military personnel are given to the period from the moment of emergence in Russia of regular army both to 1917 and about one year. Also the major factors interfering efficiency of civil education of the military personnel during this period reveal. The importance of civic education of pupils of military schools and military schools whose many graduates had exclusively high level of civic consciousness is shown. The forms and methods of educational work in these establishments promoting civil formation of the personality are studied. Closeness and soslovnost of process of civil education in imperial army is proved. Extremely low level of civic consciousness of ordinary soldiers of prerevolutionary army confirmed by mass desertion already at a recruitment stage is revealed. The conclusion is drawn on impossibility of implementation of full-fledged civic education of ordinary soldiers by forces of unter-officer shots. The main normative legal acts regulating educational process both in military educational institutions, and in field army are considered. It is proved, because of backwardness of pedagogical science, absence in various sources of the terminology corresponding to civic education. A conclusion about integration of moral and civil education of the military personnel of the Russian army of the pre-revolutionary period who is carried out mainly by means of their participation in religious activity is reasoned.