International practices in procedural presumptions

The research identifies the role of presumptions in the international law. There are two generally accepted models of civil proceedings: investigative and adversarial ones. France and German (investigative model), England and the United States (adversarial model) are the most prominent representatives of the above-mentioned models. The concept of legal presumptions is implemented in each country in its own way. Presumptions are applied along with the distinctive features of the civil process. Differences in approaches to dealing with truth in investigative and adversarial models of civil proceedings raise the relevant issues related to procedural presumptions. At the same time, e-justice development, the increased emphasis on mediation agreements affect the legal assumptions to date as well. These factors make it necessary to identify the new presumptions in the international law. Having analyzed the international practices in this regard, the author concludes that a number of presumptions can be applied in the Russian legislation.