Victim and space

Human does not exist outside of space. At the same time, in a constant striving for comfort and safety, the individual influences the world around him, transforming the space around him. The consequence of this is an increase in the range of possible threats, including from the position of criminal activity. Thus, the desire for collectivity and the worldwide unification of the urbanization process led to the emergence of cities and megacities. The latter, which previously ensured safety and survival, including through increased cohesion, on the contrary, acquired the property of insecurity, one of the possible reasons for which is the miscalculations of environmental design. In foreign criminology, crime prevention through environment design has been actively developed since the 80s of the last century and even formed into an independent crime prevention strategy based on environmental design (CPTED). However, the existing approaches, focused primarily on the study of the interaction of the offender and the environment, in order to identify the degree of its influence on the variability of human behavior, indicate the need to expand research interest, including through a similar study of the victim and her interaction with space and environment. This is due, first of all, to the importance of the victim itself, as one of the elements of the mechanism of criminal behavior, which is a process of interaction between individuals and spatial and environmental factors.