Life and work of academician A.A. Vishnevsky(to the 115th anniversary of his birth)

Information from the life of a well-known military surgeon in our country and abroad, Colonel-General and academician A.A. Vishnevsky, who was the first Director since 1948, is considered. Institute of surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences and at the same time since 1956 - chief surgeon of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Interesting and little-known facts from the life of the scientist are given. Data on the formation of A.A. Vishnevsky as a military doctor and surgeon are noted, and his combat path in Khalkhin-Gol and the great Patriotic war is considered. Turning to the life, professional and social activities of Alexander Alexandrovich, you can find not only interesting scientific facts from the history of military field and cardiovascular surgery, but also analogies with the present, answers to many clinical problems of the specialty and medicine of today. The main directions of his scientific activity are marked, which touched upon the issues of almost all sections of surgery, many aspects of anesthesia and cardiovascular surgery. It is emphasized that as a student and closest associate of his father, A.V. Vishnevsky participated in the creation of one of the Russian surgical schools, and after the death of his father was its head. They also found that at the advanced stages of medical evacuation, surgical interventions in the wounded can be performed under local anesthesia using the “creeping infiltration” method. It is emphasized that A. A. Vishnevsky in our country was the first to perform a successful open-heart operation in conditions of artificial blood circulation (1957). It is noted that for the work on local anesthesia during heart surgery A.A Vishnevsky was awarded the highest international award named after Rene lerich (1955). Alexander Alexandrovich, being one of the founders of heart and vascular surgery in our country, as well as the scientific school of surgeons, is rightfully recognized as one of the patriarchs of Russian surgery.