Growth forms of Triglochin maritima L. and Triglochin palustris L. in the north of European Russia

Triglochin maritima L. and T. palustris L. ( Juncaginaceae Rich.) are two species growing on the territory of European Russia. The aim of this study is to describe the biomorphology of these plants. Based on comparative morphological analysis, the following structural elements of individuals of these species are distinguished: the elementary and uniaxial shoots and the complex of a persistent perennial uniaxial shoot. A complex of a persistent perennial uniaxial shoot usually represents a holistic plant of both species. The basis of the shoot system is the clino-apoeotropic vegetative uniaxial shoot. In T. maritima, it is usually a rosette polycyclic perennial, while in T. palustris it is an upper-rosette dicyclic biannual. The latter species has a more diverse set of elementary shoots; its die faster, shoot complexes are quickly destroyed, providing vegetative reproduction. This together with higher vegetative mobility creates the possibility of effective dispersal and has an adaptive value in the development of substrates with large permanent moisture and / or a more mobile substrate. Biomorpha of T. maritima is the primal rhizome non-turf perennial polycarpic herbaceous plant. T. palustris is a subterranean stolonate perennial polycarpic herbaceous plant with fibrillose root system; often this plant is subterranean stolonate bulbous.