Viability of the sprouts and the pollen in fruit crops under the influence of low and ultra low temperatures

The authors have presented the experimental results on the influence of low and ultra low temperatures on viability of sprouts and pollen of fruit crops during their keeping. It was shown, that the part of viable grafts is higher at the keeping temperature of -5 oC, than at the temperature of -20 oC. It was established, that sprouts viability is depends on time of their choice: the grafts cut during deep rest have a mature wood and lighter survive the freezing, come up rapidly, as compared with the grafts at the period after deep rest. The relationship was revealed between pollen viability during the keeping and the conditions of formation of the later and its varietal peculiarities. The advantage of crioconservation of apple pollen as compared with low temperature keeping during one year was not revealed.