About some aspects of family education

The family has come a long and difficult way during its historical development. One of the distinctive features of this path was the radical change in the interrelationships and social functions of society. When it comes to family, many imagine it as if they know a lot about it. In fact, frivolous ideas about the family are far from the essence of the family. To fully understand the family, it is necessary to study it comprehensively. This includes the following issues:

• *    historical roots of the family;

• *    views of Eastern and European thinkers on the family;

• *    family and community relations;

• *    family functions;

• *    gender relations in the family;

• *    study of the family in modern pedagogy and psychology.

Changes in the material, technical and spiritual direction of society are causing changes in family activities. Such changes are reflected in marriage, love, mutual friendship, and planning for childbearing. The most important function of the family is the reproductive function, which is to reproduce the human race. Hence, having children is the first and most important function of a family. It follows that family planning remains one of the most important attributes of the modern family. Family planning is about keeping the distance (interval) between children born. Our holy religion, Islam, has also paid special attention to this. The need to prevent unwanted pregnancies is also considered positively in Islamic law. The basis of family planning is to give birth to a healthy generation and bring it up fully. The concept of "educational functions of modern families" is broader than the concept of raising children. Sociological research suggests that there are many problems in these tasks. This is especially reflected in the emergence of new aspects of family upbringing and the enrichment of the content of traditional traditions. The content, form, and methods of moral education are undergoing significant changes. The study of the problems of family upbringing is carried out mainly in two directions. First; family upbringing is being studied as a traditional part of pedagogy and this is a very correct way in our view. On the other hand, the family is also studied in various disciplines, including sociology, psychology and philology.

Pedagogical, socio-psychological research shows that nothing but the family can suppress the role of family upbringing in the moral development of emotional children, the formation of personality. Raising children separately from their parents is a huge blow to the formation of the maturity of the younger generation, as well as weakens the feelings of parenthood, undermines the moral foundations of marriage. Prolonged stay of children in kindergarten has a negative impact on their maturity, needs, interests and behavior. The period from one to seven years is a very important period in the formation of a child's personality. The great Russian writer and educator Leo Tolstoy, in one of his last works, stated that "the distance from me to a seven-year-old child is one step, and the period from one to seven years is a great distance." So, the period before the child goes to school can be called the foundation of the formation of the child's personality.

Another aspect of family upbringing is that it is inextricably linked with social upbringing. For us, the moral and spiritual ties that ensure the stability of the family are very important. The same connection satisfies the needs of family relationships, full-fledged emotional fatherhood or motherhood, family happiness.

It is expedient to provide parents with pedagogical knowledge, to exchange education on family upbringing, to invite parents to school, neighborhood committees in order to attract their interest in educational work. The most important task of parents in this regard is to be able to anticipate the maturity of children, to determine the purpose of education. It is known that no style is used separately in the family, but all styles are used in combination. So the choice of methods and techniques of upbringing, their improvement and implementation is an important form of family life. The success of the upbringing of the younger generation depends not on any isolated methods, but on a well-organized system of methods. In the upbringing of a harmoniously developed person, the family forms an integral part of society, which is one of the characteristics of our time.

Involvement of women in production is leading to a reduction in the length of time they spend with their children. Therefore, there is a growing need for educational support for kindergartens, extended school day groups, groups of children of different ages in residential areas and out-of-school institutions. This is why mothers need to work harder to raise their children. In addition, women spend more time on household chores than men in the family. Sociological research shows that even on weekends, women spend 9 to 11 hours on housework. Before going to work in the morning, she feeds her children, dresses them, takes them to kindergarten, and sends them to school. When she returns from work in the afternoon, the woman begins to work for the house, i.e. supervising her children’s homework, preparing dinner, making room, and so on.

The father's involvement in household chores is mainly manifested in command. If "rigidity" dominates the internal relations of the totalitarian family, then "soft" disciplines have a relationship of democracy and equality. For such disciplined families, methods of intimidation and intimidation of children are alien, and the main thing is to know the value of the child, to cultivate the qualities of variable self-esteem. It is a consequence of the inadmissibility of contradictions in the organization of the educational influence of parents on their children. The knowledge and experience of parents is very important in the formation of the younger generation.

The following conclusions can be drawn from the observations:

"Экономика и социум" №3(82) 2021