Adaptive reaction of perspective spring rapeseed cultivars in conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region

We studied 18 perspective and already registered spring rapeseed cultivars of VNIIMK breeding. Impact of weather conditions in a period flowering - maturing on economically valuable traits was revealed. The cultivars were compared by calculated statistic parameters of adaptivity, environmental plasticity, stability in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The perspective linear cultivars which demonstrated the most stably yield in the different years were selected. The researches were conducted in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar, Russia, in 2017 2020. The most favorable weather conditions for cultivation of spring rapeseed appeared to be in 2017. Index of environmental condition (Ij) was 1.01. On average for rapeseed cultivar, yield varied from maximal in 2017 (2.83 t per ha) to minimal in 2019 (1.31 t per ha). Oil content in the different years varied from 40.9 to 46.34%, weight of 1000 seeds - from 2.22 to 3.85 g. Glucosinolate content was minimal (14.16 μmol/g) in 2017 and reached maximum (21.48 μmol/g) in 2020. The linear cultivars VN-LP13, VN -Dl 2, and VN-Dl 1 are characterized with the highest environmental plasticity, having the indicators bi = 1.30; 1.24, and 1.21, respectively. The cultivars Amulet and Ruyan were the most stable: Si2 was equal to 0.65 and 0.69, respectively, as well as the main applicant for being a cultivar: VN-4801, VN-191, and VN-2478 having the indicators 0.40; 0.62, and 0.80. The perspective cultivars VN-4801 and VN-906 (Kenar) are characterized with a valuable combination of increased and stable for years yield. Due to absolute indicator of adaptability, all the studied cultivars are ranking as following: VN-4801 (113.6%), VN-Dl 1 (106.3%), VN-Dl 2 (105.9%), VN-LP 13 (105.0%), VN-XT (103.4%), Руян (102.9%), and VN-906 (101.9%).