Actual problems of the legal regime of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation

Introduction. The article examines the concept of the "legal regime of foreign citizens", its tasks and functions, analyzes the status of a foreign citizen, examines the rights and obligations of foreign citizens in the territory of the Russian Federation, and identifies limitations for the category of subjects under study. The main problems and ways to solve them in a constitutional and legal manner are highlighted. The relevance of the issue under study lies in the fact that in recent years there has been a steady increase in the number of foreign citizens staying in the territory of the Russian Federation for various purposes – employment, education, temporary residence, refugee status, etc. This fact creates new challenges related to the need to improve the regulatory framework governing the legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons. The unstable geopolitical situation, including the effects of international sanctions, migration flows from countries with armed conflicts, as well as the increasing regulation of foreign agents and restrictions on certain categories of foreign persons, gives additional relevance to the topic. Materials and Methods. The normative basis of the study is the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating the legal status of foreign citizens, migration legislation, as well as international treaties and agreements ratified by Russia. The study analyzed materials of judicial practice reflecting the specifics of the application of norms governing the rights and duties of foreign citizens, as well as the works of scientists researching migration law, the problems of legalization and protection of the rights of foreign citizens in Russia. The methodological basis of the research was a set of general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative legal method), as well as special methods -a system–structural approach and interdisciplinary analysis. The Results of the Study. The author came to the conclusion that the legal regime of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation is a fundamental element of ensuring law and order in the country. For the effective functioning of this mechanism, it is necessary that foreign citizens fully and timely master the regulatory requirements governing their stay and strictly follow the established rules. The State is obliged to implement a policy aimed at constructive interaction with foreign citizens, guaranteeing them equal rights and adequate legal protection in case of violation of their legitimate interests. Findings and Conclusions. The conducted research made it possible to present an objective analysis of the existing problems in the field under study and outline ways to solve them at the constitutional level.