Actual problems of modernity in the cycle of novels by A. P'erez-Reverte on the Spanish civil war (1936-1939)

The article analyzes the works of the modern Spanish writer A. Pérez-Reverte on the theme of the Spanish Civil War, which, in combination with a number of scientific works, allow to reveal complex problems relevant to the modern world in general and to Russia in particular. The identified issues have structured the objectives of the study, namely: the political-practical, focused on defining conditions for optimal strategic success in wartime scenarios; the cultural-psychological, aimed at understanding human behavior during war through typologization; and the philosophical-ethical, seeking to delineate normative frameworks emergent amidst combat dynamics. Based on the presentation and comprehension of the material, the authors have come to the following conclusions. Democratization, promoted by Western political correctness, increasingly shows itself as a destructive factor in the growing need for social mobilization, hindering rather than facilitating the adoption of optimal strategic decisions. In modern conditions, the social types of Zombart’s “bargainers” and “heroes”, as well as Gumilev’s passionaries, harmonious individuals and subpassionaries, which A. Pérez-Reverte’s works allow us to comprehend in greater depth, including with the intention of constructive use. Finally, Pérez-Reverte works propose an exploration of the phenomenon of humanistic heroism, whose values in a postmodernist context could serve as a resilient ideological foundation.