Analysis of the expenditure portfolio of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2023: challenges and opportunities for improving efficiency

The relevance of the study is due to the need for constant monitoring and analysis of the budget process to ensure the financial sustainability of regions and the efficient use of budget funds. The purpose of the article is to analyze the execution of the expenditure part of the budget of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2023, identify key problems and factors that influenced the level of funds utilization, and formulate recommendations for improving the efficiency of budget expenditures. The research methods include analysis of regulatory legal acts, comparative analysis of planned and actual budget indicators, and the method of grouping data by sections of the expenditure classification and state programs. The article presents the author’s methodology for calculating the integral indicator of budget expenditure efficiency. As a result of the study, it was found that the overall level of execution of the expenditure part of the budget of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was 96.1%, while significant volumes of unutilized funds were identified in a number of key areas, such as housing and communal services (execution 90.7%), healthcare (94.9%), education (97.3%) and the national project “Housing and Urban Environment” (82.1%). The main reasons for the incomplete utilization of funds are carry-over balances for long-term infrastructure projects, violations of contract deadlines by contractors, delays in equipment deliveries, and savings based on tender results. The discussion of the results emphasizes the systemic nature of the identified problems related to project management and logistics in the context of the region’s specifics. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated, including the need to improve the contract system, strengthen departmental control over the implementation of investment projects, develop mechanisms for the operational redistribution of funds, and apply a risk-oriented approach when planning budget allocations for large infrastructure facilities.