Analysis of state and development of soybean production in the world and Russia

Soybean as a crop embraces a wide range of national economic sectors. Development of the world trade promoted the spreading of sowing areas under soybean from 24 mln ha in 1961 to 120.8 mln ha in 2015. Differing with the world priorities, soybean takes a second meaning in oil crops production in Russia both in sowing areas structure and gross production of oil seeds. Gross production of seeds in the country increased from 344 thousand t in 1961 to 2.64 mln t in 2015. Therewith the quickest growth was in period of 2001-2015. For historical reasons, the main region of soybean production in Russia is the Far East. The results of 2015 showed this region contain more than 50% of internal crop production. Second rank is under the Central federal region - less than 10%. Analysis of data showed that expand of soybean production capacity continues. It is caused by demands for plant protein from food and forage industries. There are significant perspectives of the increase of the current market segment due to centrally managed objectives on intensive development of animal farming. But the question concerning mechanism of crop production increase using only internal reserves of the country is still very critical.