Analysis of training load in preparatory microcycles of 14-15 year-old female tennis players training in groups for improving sports skills

Relevance. Studying the content of training sessions and their intensity in the preparation of female tennis players at the stage of improving sports skills is a prerequisite for the effective management of the training process. Taking into account the intensity of the technical and tactical exercises performed is necessary for the rational construction of the sports training of tennis players. The purpose of the study is to identify the optimal volume of exercises of significant and maximum intensity in technical and tactical classes of preparatory microcycles to improve the effectiveness of the training process of 14-15 year old tennis players in the competitive period. Research methods. An important component of the study was a ascertaining experiment, as a result of which external parameters of the load of training sessions and the intensity of training exercises were established. Research results. When processing the obtained data, the following exercises were classified as very light loads: exercises performed with a heart rate of 100-119 bpm, light loads 120-139 bpm, medium loads 140-159 bpm, significant loads 160-179 bpm, and high loads 180-200 bpm. Light loads were those in which tennis players performed work in the heart rate range> 160 bpm for up to 20 minutes, medium loads from 20 to 30 minutes, significant loads from 30 to 40 minutes, and high loads from 40 minutes. When planning training sessions in the preparatory microcycle of tennis players, the volume of technical and tactical combinations and game practice increases. The heart rate indicators obtained during the performance of these exercises demonstrate insufficient intensity, which reduces the total load of the training session. Conclusion. In our opinion, the average value of the load impact in the preparatory microcycle, recorded for individual athletes, is acceptable, but may be insufficient to maintain fitness. Analysis of the structure of game training tasks revealed a number of reasons that result in a decrease in heart rate. In this regard, in the preparatory microcycle of tennis players’ training, classes with small and medium loads predominate. To improve the effectiveness of the training process, the total load of training classes and the microcycle should be increased to medium and significant values. The conducted correlation analysis revealed a reliable relationship between the indicators of the volume of developmental load in the preparatory microcycle and sports results that determine the place of athletes in the Russian Tennis Tour (RTT).