Analysis of respiratory morbidity in the population and prospects for prevention using functional foods enriched with medicinal plants

Chronic non-communicable respiratory diseases are a serious problem in many countries of the world. In industrialized countries, respiratory diseases account for 20 to 30 % of the total adult population. The dynamics of the incidence of respiratory diseases from 2005 to 2022 indicates a steady increase in morbidity in Russia as a whole. According to the Department of Health of the Orel region, the region also has the highest rate of morbidity growth in respiratory diseases. The average annual growth rate over the past 7 years has amounted to 106.7 %, “outstripping” diseases of the nervous system, genitourinary system, injuries, poisoning. An actual trend in many Russian food industry enterprises is the production of dietary, preventive and specialized products. A promising direction for the prevention of respiratory diseases is the use of medicinal plant raw materials, which, compared with synthetic drugs, is non-toxic, has a wide range of doses and the possibility of creating functional food products based on LRS. However, not all medicinal plants are applicable in food technologies according to TR CU 021/2011 “On food safety”, therefore, when designing formulations and technological modes of food production, it is necessary to be guided by this regulatory document. The authors propose a nutritional mixture for the prevention of respiratory diseases, which includes marshmallow root (Althaeaea radices), buckthorn buckthorn (Hippophea rhamnoides L.), fruits of common anise (Anisi vulgaris fructus), sublimation powders of raspberry and black currant, birch bark extract. From the point of view of nutritionology, fortification of food products with the proposed mixtures will contribute to the prevention of respiratory diseases.