Plato’s arithmology and its development in neoplatonic noology and rational theology

The article is devoted to studying Plato's philosophy of number and its further development in Neoplatonic thought by Plotinus, Proclus and Damascius. Outlining Plato's arithmology, Aristotle either places numbers between forms and sensible things, or ontologically identifies numbers with forms, bringing his teacher's doctrine closer to Pythagorean numerology. Plotinus, on the one hand, identifies numbers and forms, putting them in the Intellect, and on the other hand, speaks of the numbers generating substances and of the numbers' superiority over the intelligible triad beingthinking-life. In addition to henadic numbers, conditioning the substance of things, the philosopher singles out monadic numbers, which determine the quantity of objects. The number is present in Plotinus also at the level of the Soul. In Neoplatonism, the second hypothesis of Plato's dialogue “Parmenides” begins to be associated with noology. Representatives of the Athenian school Syrianus, Proclus and Damascius started to understand noology as rational theology, since in their opinion, it is in the Hypostasis of the Intellect that the arrangements of universal and particular gods are located. In these authors' understanding, numbers are also gods. Arising in the first rank of the intelligibleintelligent arrangement, henads constitute the sphere of the Intellect and the following realms of being. Thus, Neoplatonic arithmology is present at all ontological levels.