The automobile mufflers: the modern requirements, tendencies of development, methods of calculations and tests

1. The international requirements for vehicles noise levels become more and more stringent. In this situation the deep researches of the acoustic characteristics of exhaust system are required. 2. In this article the general requirements to exhaust system of automobile engines are examined. 3. The method and examples of calculation of the exhaust system acoustic characteristics are presented. 4. The experimental technique for determination of the required exhaust system efficiency is suggested. It serves for the achievement of the given level of external noise of the vehicles. 5. The comparative analysis of the automobile reactive mufflers and mufflers with active filler is carried out