The author and the hero in the poetics of F. M. Dostoevsky's novel “The idiot”

The structure of F. M. Dostoevsky's novel “The Idiot” is hierarchical and Christ-centered. The author's ideas of the faith need, adherence to evangelical commandments, ability to self-sacrifice as a path to human revival are at the heart of the plot, composition and system of images of the novel. The motif of humility is implemented in the actions and discourses of Prince Myshkin. The teaching speech of the hero, containing confession and sermon, conveys the author's ideas of renunciation of the death penalty, unity of natural, active and blessing faith as the essence of a religious feeling, the need of the Russian society to address to Orthodoxy as a uniting spiritual bond. Emphasizing that the author shares these ideas, the writer includes autobiographical allusions in the hero's speech. The speeches of Ippolit Terentyev and Lebedev the author's thoughts about Christocentrism as a society-binding idea, about the need for mutual forgiveness and grace are manifested. The departure of heroes from evangelical commandments (forbidding passion, pride, vanity, jealousy, envy, lies, avarice) causes negative author's modality, which is expressed in irony, sarcasm, resentment, ridicule.