Biomorphological characteristics, phytochemical composition and medical significance of species belonging to the Geranium Tourn. ex L. Genus

Geranium Tourn. ex L. is a flowering plant Genus belonging to the Geraniaceae Family. It is mainly grown as an ornamental plant in Azerbaijan. It was brought to Europe in the 17th century. Its propagation zone is South Africa. It is cultivated in many countries because it is a very valuable essential oil plant. Geranium is also successfully cultivated in Azerbaijan. Geranium essential oil is used in the perfume industry to make perfumes, soaps and face lotions. It is also used in the food industry to flavor beverages, as well as confectionery. It is also used in the preparation of medicines. Not only the leaves of the geranium plant, but also its roots, flowers and leaves are considered very good. The root of the plant contains phenols, various phenolic compounds in the upper green part, sucrose, starch and hemicellulose. The leaves and flowers are rich in phenolic carboxylic acids, vitamins, flavonoids, pigments, essential oils and carbohydrates.