Petitions of the Perm people in 1605-1608 as a source on the history of the central and local government of the Moscow state (by the materials of the Solikamsk archive)

Introduction. The article examines the issues of the functioning of central and local government in the Muscovite state at the beginning of the 17th century, mainly during the reign of V.I. Shuisky. The study was carried out on the example of Great Perm - a region that was remote from the main military events of the Time of Troubles and had a developed system of zemstvo self-government. Methods and materials. It is based on 44 petitions of Perm. Information about them was reconstructed by the method of mutual correspondence of documents according to references in other documents of office work of the Perm order hut. This is fund No. 122 “Acts of Solikamsk” of the Archives of the Saint Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Analysis. The petitions are divided into 3 groups according to their origin: laymen, officials and private individuals. Each document is given titles according to their self-designations and content. These are notification, claim, appeal, denunciation, confession petitions. The circumstances of the cases in which the petitions were filed are revealed, authorship is established (on whose behalf the document came), as well as the outcome of the cases. Results. The authors of the petitions were people from different social groups: peasants, townspeople, zemstvo elders and kissers, customs deacons, yasak voguls, coachmen, merchants, priests, Cossacks or residents of Perm without indicating social status. 29 petitions were submitted to Moscow in the Nizhny Novgorod and Novgorod chetvertnoy prikaz, 15 were considered in Great Perm. For most issues, the petitioner first received a decree in Moscow, and then brought a ready-made solution for execution to Great Perm. Zemsky worlds participated in the investigation of robberies, thefts and interpersonal conflicts, but as a result, the clerks had to write a formal reply to Moscow. Thus, at the beginning of the 17th century, the Muscovite state sought to implement a model of strict centralization of power through control by the prikazes of Moscow.