Numeric low-altitude altimeter modeling with computation of additional modulation frequencies using a genetic algorithm

This study examines the problem of increasing the accuracy of a low-altitude altimeter employing the frequency modulation principle. A way to suppress the “discrete error” of the altimeter by employing additional frequency modulation of the carrier wave and averaging the resulting counts is considered. The benefit of such approach is simplicity of technical implementation manifesting in minimal changes in the microwave path and the recording device, which has to run in averaging count mode. This work presents a genetic algorithm for computing the array of additional modulation frequencies which can be used to reduce the mean square of the discrete error given a limited frequency band.Presented results of error calculations are obtained via mathematical modeling of the altimeter’s operation. It is shown that using additional modulation frequencies obtained by the genetic algorithm allows to reduce the average measurement error by half relatively to the linear modulation form without expanding the occupied frequency band.