Цианобактериальные сообщества почв придорожных газонов некоторых улиц г. Гомеля (Беларусь)

The results of a study of the species composition and structure of cyanobacterial communities of soils of roadside lawns of some streets of the city of Gomel are presented. Research methods: field, laboratory and cultural. Total in the soils studied city of Gomel found 34 species of soil cyanobacteria belonging to 13 genera, 7 families, 3 orders of 1 classes. Oscillatoriales were 61.8%, Croococcales - 20.5%, Nostocales - 17.7 %. In the family spectrum Phormidiaceae prevailed (47.1%), a significant proportion of the species from Nostocaceae - 20.5%. Among the genera Phormidium dominated (38.0%), Nostoc (11.8%), Cyanothece, Borzia and Microcoleus (8.9% each). Ecological analysis showed that all the cyanobacteria detected are edaphophilic. The largest number of species were representatives of the P-life form - 52.9% (species of the genera Phormidium, Borzia, Oscillatoria and Plectonema). C-form algae accounted for 26.5% (genera Anabaena, Nostoc, Cylindrospermum, Nodularia, Aphanocapsa, Microcystis). Among the algae of the C-form, species with heterocysts capable of nitrogen fixation have been identified (species of the genera Anabaena, Nostoc, Cylindrospermum, Nodularia). The share of Ch-form representatives was 11.7% (species of the genera Cyanothece, Synechocystis). The smallest number of species were representatives of the M-form - 8.9% (species of the genus Microcoleus). The species richness of the cyanobacterial communities varied within 12-25 species, the composition of cyanobacterial communities of all the streets retained the dominance of representatives of the P-life form (50-68%). The analysis of taxonomical and ecological structure of cyanobacterial communities on the intensity of transport flow and distance of trial areas from the roadway were conducted. With increasing distance from the roadway identified the expansion of species richness of algae.