Comparative analysis of national CSR practices: the experience of the EU and emerging markets

In the context of globalization, corporate social responsibility practices have moved from voluntary initiatives to legislative norms and have become an important tool for most of the world's economies to promote sustainable development. The European Union is taking the lead in regulating global supply chains by implementing a systematic model based on the integration of reporting and due diligence principles, which ensures transparency and minimizes ESG risks. India, in turn, is transforming the social functions of the corporate sector by legislating mandatory initiatives aimed at redistributing resources to public goods. Brazil is searching for an optimal balance between the implementation of international standards of corporate responsibility and adaptation to local socioeconomic conditions, which illustrates the difficulties in harmonizing the requirements of global standards with national specifics. Using the experience of the EU, India and Brazil as examples, this article analyzes the ways of legislative development, main mechanisms and problems of CSR implementation in order to draw lessons and form recommendations for emerging markets.