Determinants of liquidity management: evidence from Nigerian banking sector

Автор: Kajola Sunday, Sanyaolu Wasiu, Alao Abdul-Azeez, Babatolu Ayorinde

Журнал: Вестник Волгоградского государственного университета. Экономика @ges-jvolsu

Рубрика: Финансы. Бухгалтерский учет

Статья в выпуске: 3 т.23, 2021 года.

Бесплатный доступ

The study examined the determinants of liquidity management in twelve Nigerian banks during 2009-2018. Liquidity ratio (LQR) and deposit to asset ratio (DAR) were used as surrogates for liquiditymanagement. As the potential liquidity management determinant indicators, five bank-specific variables (capital adequacy, size, asset quality, profitability and deposit growth) and three macroeconomic variables (GDP growth rate, inflation rate and interest rate) were used as proxies. Results from balanced fixed effects least square regression analytical technique show that size, profitability, GDP growth rate and inflation rate are important liquidity determinants in Nigerian banks. Specifically, bank size has a positive and significant influence on LQR, while GDP growth rate and inflation rate exhibit a negative and significant relationship with LQR. It further reveals a positive and significant relationship between profitability (ROA) and DAR. It is recommended that banks’ management should focus attention on both bank-specific (size and profitability) and macroeconomic (GDP growth and inflation rate) factors when deciding appropriate liquidity management strategy to be adopted. These four variables have the capacity to influence the profitability, sustainable growth and survival of banks operating in a volatile business environment such as Nigeria.

Еще

Deposit money banks, determinants, liquidity, nigeria, panel data

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/149139534

IDR: 149139534   |   DOI: 10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.3.9

Список литературы Determinants of liquidity management: evidence from Nigerian banking sector

  • Abbas F., Iqbal S., Aziz B. The Impact of Bank Capital, Bank Liquidity and Credit Risk on Profitability in Post Crisis Period: A Comparative Study of US and Asia. Cogent Economic & Finance, 2G19, vol. 7, pp. 1-18. DOI: i0.i080/23322039. 2019.1605683.
  • Agbo E.I., Nwude E.C. Bank-Specific Factors and the Liquidity of Commercial Banks: Evidence from Nigeria. Transylvanian Review, 2G18, vol. 25, pp. 6659-6671.
  • Akhter N. The Impact of Liquidity and Profitability on Operational Efficiency of Selected Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: A Panel Data Study. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 2G18, vol. 18, no. 7A, pp. 12-24.
  • Alalade Y. S., Ogbebor P. I., Akwe M. Liquidity Risk and Profitability of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2G2G, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 126-139.
  • Al-Homaidi E.A., Tabash M.I., Farhan N.H., Almaqtari F.A. The Determinants of Liquidity of Indian Listed Commercial Banks: A Panel Data Approach. Cogent Economics & Finance, 2G19, vol. 7, pp. 1-2G.
  • Alshatti A.S. The Effect of Credit Risk Management on Financial Performance of Jordanian Commercial Banks. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 2G15, vol. 12, no. 1 & 2, pp. 338-345.
  • Alzoubi T. Determinants of Liquidity Risk in Islamic Banks. Banks and Banking Systems, 2G17, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 142-148.
  • Annor E.S., Obeng F.S. Impact of Credit Risk Management on the Profitability of Selected Commercial Banks Listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 2G17, vol. 2G, no. 2, pp. 1-Ю.
  • Aspachs O., Nier E., Tiesset M. Liquidity, Banking Regulation and the Macroeconomy: Evidence on Bank Liquidity Holdings from a Panel of UK-Resident Banks. Bank of International Settlements (Online), 2GG5, pp. 1-26. URL: http:// www.bis.org/bcbs/events/rtfG5 (accessed 31 December 2G19).
  • Assfaw A.M. Firm-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Banks Liquidity: Empirical Investigation from Ethiopian Private Commercial Banks. Journal of Accounting, Finance and Auditing Studies, 2019, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 123-145.
  • Ayoola O.O., Onyeiwu C. Capital Adequacy and Profitability of Nigerian Banks. Nigerian Journal of Management Studies, 2018, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 133-141.
  • Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Basel III International Framework for Liquidity Risk Management, Standards and Monitoring. Consultative Document. Switzerland Bank for International Settlement, 2010. URL: https:// www.bis.org/publ/bcbs165.pdf.
  • Bassey G.E., Moses C.E. Bank Profitability and Liquidity Management: A Case Study of Selected Nigerian Deposit Money Banks. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2015, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1-24.
  • Bencharles O., Abubakar B. Liquidity Management and Its Impacts on Islamic and Conventional Banks' Profitability in Nigeria: A Comparative Study. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 2020, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 10-20. DOI: 10.9790/59331104011020.
  • Bhati S., Zoysa A.D., Jitaree W. Determinants of Liquidity in Nationalized Banks of India. Wollongong, University ofWollongong, 2012, pp. 1-11.
  • Bordeleau E., Graham C. The Impact of Liquidity on Bank Profitability, 2010. URL: https.//www. researchgate.net (accessed 21 February 2019).
  • Chagwiza W. Zimbabwean Commercial Banks Liquidity and Its Determinants. International Journal of Empirical Finance, 2014, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 52-64.
  • Chen I., Phuong N. The Determinants of Bank Liquidity Buffer, 2013. URL: https://www. researchgate.net (accessed 3 June 2019).
  • Chen Y.K., Kao L.R., Shen C.H., Yeh C.Y Bank Liquidity Risk and Performance. Proceedings of the Asian Finance Association International Conference, Hong Kong, 30 June, 2010.
  • Cucinelli D. The Determinants of Bank Liquidity Risk Within the Context of Euro Area. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business, 2014, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 51-64.
  • Dahiyat A. Does Liquidity and Solvency Affect Banks Profitability? Evidence from Listed Banks in Jordan. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance andManagement Sciences, 2016, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 35-40.
  • Deléchat C., Henao C., Muthoora P., Vtyurina S. The Determinants of Banks' Liquidity Buffers in Central America, USA. Research Paper, 2012, no. 12-301.
  • Djan G O., Stephen F., Bawuah J., Halidu O.B., Kuutol P.K. Credit Risk Management and Its Impact on Financial Performance of Listed Banks in Ghana. International Journal of Financial Markets, 2015, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 24-32.
  • Dzapasi F.D. The Impact of Liquidity Management on Bank Financial Performance in a Subdued Economic Environment: A Case of the Zimbabwean Banking Industry. PM World Journal, 2020, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1-20.
  • El-Chaarani H. Determinants of Bank Liquidity in the Middle East Region. International Review of Management and Marketing, 2019, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 64-75.
  • El-Khoury R. Liquidity in Lebanese Commercial Banks and Its Determinants. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 2015, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 57-74.
  • Farooq A., Nasir R. Determinants of Bank Liquidity: Empirical Evidence from Listed Commercial Banks with SBP. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2017, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 47-55.
  • Fekadu M. Determinants of Liquidity of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, St. Mary's University, 2018. URL: http://hdl.handle.net/ 123456789/4328 (accessed 31 December 2019).
  • Fola B. Factors Affecting Liquidity of Selected Commercial Banks in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa University, 2015. URL: http:// etd.aau.edu.et/bit-stream/handle/123456789/ 2834/Belete%20Fola (accessed 2 January 2021).
  • Ghenimi A., Chaibi H., Omri M.A.B. The Effects of Liquidity Risk and Credit Risk on Bank Stability: Evidence from MENA Region. Borsa Istanbul Review, 2017, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 238-248.
  • Grant R.M. The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation. California Management Review, 1991, vol. 33, pp. 114-135.
  • Growe G., De Bruine M., Lee J.Y., Maldonado J.F.T. The Profitability and Performance Measurement of U.S. Regional Banks Using the Predictive Focus of the Fundamental Analysis Research. Advances in Management Accounting, 2014, vol. 24, pp. 189-237.
  • Gujarati D.N., Porter D.C. Basic Econometrics. New York, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2009.
  • Hausman J.A. Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 1978, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1215-1271.
  • Hill M.D., Kelly G.W., Highfield M.J. Net Operating Working Capital Behavior: A First Look. Financial Management, 2010, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 783-805.
  • Horváth R., Seidler J., Weill L. Bank Capital and Liquidity Creation: Granger Causality Evidence. Journal of Financial Services Research, 2014, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 341-361.
  • Idowu A.A., Essien M.J., Adegboyega R. Liquidity Management and Banks' Performance in Nigeria. Issues in Business Management and Economics, 2017, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 88-98. DOI: 10.15739/IBME. 17.010.
  • Jedidia K.B., Hamza H. Determinants ofLiquidity Risk in Islamic Banks: A Panel Study. Islamic Management and Business, 2015, vol. 7 (16), pp. 137-146.
  • Kajola S.O., Olabisi J., Adedeji S.B., Babatolu A.T. Effect of Credit Risk Management on Financial Performance of Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks. Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance, 2018a, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 53-62.
  • Kajola S.O., Olabisi J., Ajayi A., Agbatogun T.O. Determinants of Profitability in Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks. Journal of Economics and Business Research, 2018b, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 89-108.
  • Kajola S.O., Sanyaolu W.A., Alao A., Ojunrongbe O.J. Liquidity and Profitability Dynamics: Evidence from the Nigerian Banking Sector. Accounting and Taxation Review, 2019, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 1-12.
  • Kehinde O.P. An Empirical Investigation of the Liquidity-Profitability Relationship in Nigerian Commercial Banks. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 108-119.
  • Khati P. Impact ofLiquidity on Profitability of Nepalese Commercial Banks. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 2020, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 26-33.
  • Kolapo T.F., Ayeni R.K., Oke M.O. Credit Risk and Commercial Banks' Performance in Nigeria: A Panel Model Approach. Australian Journal of Business and Management, 2012, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 31-38.
  • Konak F., Guner E.N. The Impact of Working Capital Management on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from the BIST SME Industrial Index. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 2016, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 38-43.
  • Lartey V.C., Antwi S., Boardi E.K. The Relationship Between Liquidity and Profitability of Listed Banks in Ghana. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2013, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 48-56.
  • Laurine C. Zimbabwean Commercial Banks Liquidity Risk Determinants After Dollarization. Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, 2013, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 97-114.
  • Lina W., Munther A., Rania A. The Impact of Liquidity on Jordanian Banks Profitability Through Return on Assets. European Journal of Business and Management, 2015, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 229-232.
  • Lotto J. The Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Bank Capital Regulations on Operating Efficiency. International Journal of Financial Studies, 2018, vol. 6, no. 34, pp. 1-11.
  • Malik M.F., Rafique A. Commercial Banks Liquidity in Pakistan: Firm-Specific and Macro-Economic Factors. The Romanian Economic Journal, 2013, vol. 16, no. 48, pp. 139-154.
  • Masood O., Ashraf M. Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Profitability Determinants of Islamic Banks. The Case of Different Countries. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 2012, vol. 4, no. 2 & 3, pp. 255-268.
  • Mazreku I., Morina F., Misiri V, Spiteri J.V., Grima S. Exploring the Liquidity Risk Factors in the Balkan Region Banking System. European Research Studies Journal, 2019, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 91-102.
  • Melese N. Determinants of Banks Liquidity: Empirical Evidence on Ethiopian Commercial Banks. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2015, vol. 6, no. 15, pp. 36-47.
  • Mennawi A.N.A., Ahmed A.A. The Determinants of Liquidity Risk in Islamic Banks: A Case of Sudanese Banking Sector. International Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Research, 2020, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 38-49.
  • Milic D., Solesa D. The Analysis of Macroeconomic Determinants of the Banking Sector Liquidity with a Role in Financing the Agricultural Sector. Ekonomika Poljoprivrede, 2017, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 533-550.
  • Mohamed A.B.M., Adel B. The Impact of Liquidity on Bank Profitability: Case of Tunisia. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, 2020, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 20-37.
  • Moussa M.B. The Determinants of Bank Liquidity: Case of Tunisia. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2015, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 249-259.
  • Nazir M.S., Afza T. Impact of Aggressive Working Capital Management Policy on Firms' Profitability. The IUP Journal of Applied Finance, 2009, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 19-30.
  • Nigerian Stock Exchange. Fact Book. Lagos, Federal Government of Nigeria Printers, 2009-2018.
  • Nwakanma P., Mgbataogu I. Determinants of Excess Liquidity: The Nigerian Experience. International Business Research, 2014, vol. 7, no. 6. URL: http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/ index.php/br/article/download/3 7321/20869 (accessed 15 June 2020).
  • Obim E.N., Takon S.M., Mgbado M.U. The Impact of Liquidity on Banks Profitability in Nigeria. IIARD International Journal of Banking and Finance Research, 2020, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-8.
  • Ongore V.O., Kusa G.B. Determinants of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2013, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 237-252.
  • Ozili P.K. Bank Profitability and Capital Regulation: Evidence from Listed and Non-Listed Banks in Africa. Journal of African Business, 2016, vol. 18, pp. 1-26.
  • Perera A., Wickramanayake J. Determinants of Commercial Bank Retail Interest Rate Adjustments: Evidence from a Panel Data Model. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions & Money, 2016, vol. 45, pp. 1-20.
  • Petria N., Capraru B., Ihnatov I. Determinants ofBanks' Profitability: Evidence from EU 27 Banking Systems. Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, 2015, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 93-101.
  • Rashid M., Ramachandran J., Fawzy T.S.B.T.M. CrossCountry Panel Data Evidence of the Determinants of Liquidity Risk in Islamic Banks: A Contingency Theory Approach. International Journal of Business and Society, 2017, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 3-22.
  • Rauch C., Steffen S., Hackethal A., Tyrell M. Determinants of Bank Liquidity Creation, 2010. URL: http://papers. ssrn. com/sol3/papers. cfn? abstract_id=1343595 (accessed 6 March 2019).
  • Rezaei M., Pourali M.R. The Relationship Between Working Capital Management Components and Profitability: Evidence from Iran. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2015, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 342-351.
  • Roman A., Sargu A.C. Banks Liquidity Risk Analysis in the New European Union Member Countries: Evidence from Bulgaria and Romania. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2014, vol. 15, pp. 569-576.
  • Rumsey D. Intermediate Statistics for Dummies. Indianapolis, Wiley Publishing Inc., 2007.
  • Salim B.F., Bilal Z.O. The Impact of Liquidity Management on Financial Performance in Omani Banking Sector. International Journal of Accounting, Business and Economic Research,
  • 2016, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 545-565.
  • Samad A. Determinants of Bank Profitability: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh Commercial Banks. International Journal of Financial Research, 2015, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 173-179.
  • Shamas G., Zainol Z., Zainol Z. The Impact of Banks' Determinants on Liquidity Risk: Evidence from Islamic Banks in Bahrain. Journal of Business & Management, 2018, vol. 6, pp. 1-22.
  • Singh A., Sharma A.K. An Empirical Analysis of Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Factors Affecting the Liquidity of Indian Banks. Future Business Journal, 2016, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 40-53.
  • Sopan J., Dutta A. Determinants of Liquidity Risk in Indian Banks: A Panel Data Analysis. Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance, 2018, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 47-59.
  • Subedi S., Neupane B. Determinants of Banks' Liquidity and Their Impact on Financial Performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks. Pokhara, Pokhara University, 2011.
  • Tabash M.I. An Empirical Investigation Between Liquidity and Key Financial Ratios of Islamic Banks ofUnited Arab Emirates. Business and Economic Horizons, 2018, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 713-724.
  • Tran T.T.T., Nguyen Y.T., Nguyen T.T.H., Tran L. The Determinants ofLiquidity Risk of Commercial Banks in Vietnam. Banks and Bank System, 2019, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 94-110. DOI: 10.21511/bbs.14(1).2019.09.
  • Trenca I., Petria N., Corovei E.A. Impact of Macroeconomic Variables upon the Banking System Liquidity. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2015, vol. 32, pp. 1170-1177.
  • Tseganesh T. Determinants of Banks Liquidity and Their Impact on Financial Performance. Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa University, 2012.
  • Uremadu S. Bank Capital Structure, Liquidity and Profitability: Evidence from the Nigerian Banking System. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 2012, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 20-30.
  • Vodova P. Liquidity of Czech Commercial Banks and Its Determinants. International Journal of Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences, 2011, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1060-1067. URL: http://www. naun. org/multimedia/NAUN/m3as/ 20-855.pdf.
  • Vodova P. Liquidity of Slovak Commercial Banks and Its Determinants. Proceedings from the 13th International Conference on Finance and Banking. Karvina, Silesian University, 2012, pp. 487-494.
  • Vodova P. Determinants of Commercial Banks Liquidity in Hungary. Financial Internet Quarterly, 2013, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 180-188.
  • Wernerfelt B.A. A Resource Based View of the Firm. Strategic Management Journal, 1984, vol. 5, pp. 171-180.
  • Wojcik-MazurA., Szajt M Determinants ofLiquidity Risk in Commercial Bank in the European Union. Argumenta Oeconomica, 2015, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 25-47.
  • Wooldridge J.M. Introductory Economics: A Modern Approach, 5th Edition. Cambridge, SouthWestern College Publishers, 2012.
  • Yunos RM., Ghapar F.A., Ahmad S.A., Sungip N. Working Capital Management and Its Effect on Profitability: Empirical Evidence from Malaysian Capital Market. Insight Journal, 2018, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 71-87.
  • Zakaria N.B., Amin J.M. Working Capital Financing and Management in Malaysian Construction Companies. Journal of Current Issues in Finance, Business and Economics, 2013, vol. 6, no. 2&3, pp. 287-298.
Еще
Статья научная