Development of the automatic control system of the incubator

Modern agriculture includes the development of extensive automation systems. One of the applications of such systems is the development of an automated incubator management system. The co-building of this management system will allow to introduce domestic development into production.

Poultry farming is the most knowledge-intensive and dynamic branch of the world and domestic agro-industrial complex. One of the most important technological processes is incubation [1].

Improving the incubators, increasing the coefficient of their use, improving the technological process of incubation, mechanization and automation of laborintensive processes, improving the quality of incubation are the most important conditions for the technical progress of poultry farming and increasing its profitability.

The effectiveness of incubation is influenced by various parameters and factors. Such as:

• •    storage conditions and pre-incubation treatment of eggs;

• •    composition and parameters of the gaseous medium during storage and incubation of eggs;

• •    the sanitary condition of the equipment and the sanitary conditions of incubation;

• •    The position of the ventilation flaps and eggs in the trays during incubation.

In addition, conditions and incubation regimens:

• •    air temperature;

• •    relative humidity;

• •    air exchange.

The main control device of such systems is a micro-controller, the cost of which has decreased significantly in recent years, and computing power has increased on the contrary. But already in the composition of the finished control system, the cost of such devices increases at least by an order of magnitude, although the prices for individual components are much lower, but the software, assembly and installation of the finished product cannot justify a significant price increase [2].

The microcontroller allows monitoring and monitoring of the incubator system. Such as:

• •    Maintenance of an optimum temperature mode, which includes a heating system, ventilation (hunting);

• •    Maintain the optimum humidity, which includes a system for monitoring humidity inside the incubator;

• •    Automatic mode of inverting eggs;

• •    An incubation monitoring system, which includes a subsystem for tracking, collecting and analyzing information.

Temperature monitoring will be performed using a digital temperature sensor from the company "Maxim Integrated Products" DS18b20 [3]. This simple sensor can be used to measure the temperature in a waterproof space (Fig. 1).

Fig.1 Temperature sensor

This sensor is convenient to use, for example, to control the temperature inside the incubator. The range of measured sensor temperatures is from -55 0С to +125 0С, and with an accuracy of ± 0.5 0С from -10 0С to +85 0С. One of the ad- vantages of the DS18B20 is that it is connected via a single-wire communication link using the 1-Wire protocol. Each sensor has an individual 64-bit identification number, which allows several sensors to be connected on the same bus.

The ventilation subsystem is activated when the optimum temperature is raised, which allows to provide the necessary conditions.

Heating of the incubator occurs in a technical way, electric heaters will be used.

To measure air humidity, a combined DHT22 sensor will be used (Fig. 2), which allows measuring humidity and temperature. Humidity is measured in the range from 0 to 100% with an error of ± 2% [4]. This sensor is convenient to use, for example, to control the temperature inside the incubator. The range of measured sensor temperatures is from -55 0С to +125 0С, and with an accuracy of ± 0.5 0С from -10 0С to +85 0С. One of the advantages of the DS18B20 is that it is connected via a single-wire communication link using the 1-Wire protocol. Each sensor has an individual 64-bit identification number, which allows several sensors to be connected on the same bus.

The ventilation subsystem is activated when the optimum temperature is raised, which allows to provide the necessary conditions.

Heating of the incubator occurs in a technical way, electric heaters will be used.

To measure air humidity, a combined DHT22 sensor will be used (Fig. 2), which allows measuring humidity and temperature. Humidity is measured in the range from 0 to 100% with an error of ± 2% [4].

Fig.2 Humidity and temperature sensor DHT22

With a decrease in the humidity level, the steam generator and fan will be switched on, which will increase the humidity to the optimum level.

The monitoring system for the incubation process will allow to accumulate statistical data that will allow to continuously improve the automated process for increasing the quality and volume of the finished product.

Used sources

• 1.    Кулишова В.А., студ.; Гветадзе С.В., к.т.н Новые режимы инкубации и методология их реализации. - ИЗВЕСТИЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ. СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКИЙ РЕГИОН. 2016

• 2.    Абдраимова А.С. Разработка системы автоматического управления теплицами. – WORLD SCIENCE: PROBLEMS AND INNOVATIONS сборник статей победителей XI Международной научно-практической конференции: в 2 частях. Издательство: "Наука и Просвещение" (ИП Гуляев Г.Ю.) (Пенза). 2017. -127с.

• 3.    Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer. [Электронный          ресурс].           –          Режим          доступа:

• 4.    Обзор датчика температуры и влажности DHT22. – Режим доступа: http://blog.rchip.ru/obzordatchika-temperatury-i-vlazhnosti-dht22/ (Дата обращения: 23.02.2018)

(Дата обращения: 23.02.2018).