Didactic foundations for the development of spatial representations of schoolchildren in teaching mathematics courses in grades 5-6

This paper examines the didactic foundations of the development of spatial representations of schoolchildren when teaching mathematics in grades 5-6. The main attention is paid to methods and approaches that contribute to the formation of students' ability to perceive and analyze spatial relationships, which is an important component of mathematical literacy. The main purpose of the study is to improve the quality of mathematical education by improving the spatial skills of schoolchildren, which, in turn, contributes to a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and successful mastering of the mathematics course as a whole.