The dynamic of synonymic groups: going down

The present study discusses issues related to the dynamic of the lexical system of the Russian language. The article aims at showing how synonymy, that is related to lexical choice patterns, reflects the general trend of lowering the register of contemporary speech. Lexicographic consequences are also discussed. The array of synonyms in current usage is larger than the synonyms represented in dictionaries. One of the characteristics of contemporary lexicography is its orientation towards the replenishment of lexical potential of the language. Well-established dictionaries, as well as amateur-compiled ones that reflect general trends serve as materials illustrating the trend to expand synonymic groups by adding substandard elements and the dependence of the group contents on dictionary type and target audience needs. The conclusion states the interconnectedness between communicative needs of the speakers and the replenishment of lexical means, actual volume of known synonyms, and lexicographic choices made by anthropocentrically oriented dictionaries.