«Don expanses» of the Russian language in the works of M. A. Sholokhov

The article examines the mechanisms of the formation and functioning of dialect phraseological units, proverbs and sayings based on the material of Russian Don dialects as shown in a literary text. The object of a literary text is the world of a human, his creative thinking. In the sphere of higher education, the humanitarian component forms the field of intercultural communication. Sholokhov’s works uncover the world of Russian language, Russian culture and history. Don dialect language environment, being the means of embodying all cultural, social, moral, historical and other values, represents the aesthetic component of linguistic representation of the Don regional world. National character is the combination of spiritual peculiarities of the people expressed through the language of a literary work. The speech of Sholokhov’s characters and the author’s speech harmoniously demonstrate the creative potential of folk speech. The mutual influence of general and dialect language units is obvious. The eternal value of Sholokhov’s works lies not only in the fixation of the movement of folk speech, but also in keeping the whole palette of Russian Don dialects.