Effects of total table salt restriction on blood pressure

Автор: Chacon-Lozsan Francisco Jose, Peinado-Acevedo Juan Sebastian

Журнал: Cardiometry @cardiometry

Рубрика: Original research

Статья в выпуске: 6, 2015 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Aims. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of total omission of dietary salt intake on BP. Material and methods. The effects of total omission on the consumption of dietary salt over the BP, were evaluated for this study in a group of 30 hypertensive patients between 40-60 years old, uncontrolled, with monotherapy with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor antagonists. BP was recorded over three days at the same time, according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association for correct BP measurement in humans. The average of the three registers measurement was taken as baseline for comparison of the data. The only intervention was the total restriction of table salt and sauces with salt. The patients were followed monthly during the first five months recording BP under the same conditions that basal measurement, after this, were indicated to all the patients the consumption of salt 5g/day (provided by the researchers) and were followed for another five months in the same measurement conditions above...

Еще

Hypertension, sodium chloride, blood pressure, diet, sodium dietary

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/148308803

IDR: 148308803   |   DOI: 10.12710/cardiometry.2015.6.96103

Список литературы Effects of total table salt restriction on blood pressure

  • Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2011.
  • Rapsomaniki E1, Timmis A, George J, Pujades-Rodriguez M, Shah AD, Denaxas S, et al. Blood pressure and incidence of twelve cardiovascular diseases: lifetime risks, healthy life-years lost, and age-specific associations in 1•25 million people. Lancet. 2014 May 31;383(9932):1899-911.
  • He FJ, Li J, MacGregor GA. Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004937 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004937.pub2
  • Qin Y, Li T, Lou P, Chang G, Zhang P, Chen P. Salt intake, knowledge of salt intake, and blood pressure control in Chinese hypertensive patients. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2014 Dec;8(12):909-14. Epub 2014 Sep 28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25492834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2014.09.018
  • He FJ, MacGregor GA. Salt reduction lowers cardiovascular risk: meta-analysis of outcome trials. Lancet. 2011 Jul 30;378(9789):380-2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21803192 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61174-4
  • Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Nov 9;(11):CD004022. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22071811 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004022.pub3
  • Mozaffarian D1, Fahimi S, Singh GM, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Engell RE, et al. Global sodium consumption and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):624-34 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1304127
  • Adrogué HJ, Madias NE. Sodium and potassium in the pathogenesis of hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2007 May 10;356(19):1966-78.
  • WHO guideline: sodium intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2012.
  • General Assembly of the United Nations. High-level meeting on non-communicable diseases, September 19-20, 2011
  • Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Strategies to reduce sodium intake in the United States. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2010.
  • US Dept of Agriculture and US Dept Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010. US Govt Printing Office; US Dept of Agriculture and US Dept Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 2010.
  • Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z, Verschuren M, et al. European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur Heart J. 2012 Jul;33(13):1635-701. Epub 2012 May 3 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092
  • Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, Böhm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2013 Jul;34(28):2159-219. Epub 2013 Jun 14 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht151
  • Kurtz TW, Al-Bander HA, Morris RC Jr. "Salt-sensitive" essential hypertension in men. Is the sodium ion alone important? N Engl J Med 1987; 317:1043.
  • Barba G, Galletti F, Cappuccio FP, Siani A, Venezia A, Versiero M, et al. Incidence of hypertension in individuals with different blood pressure salt-sensitivity: results of a 15-year follow-up study. J Hypertens. 2007 Jul;25(7):1465-71.
  • Capasso G, Cantone A, Evangelista C, Zacchia M, Trepiccione F, Acone D, et al. Channels, carriers, and pumps in the pathogenesis of sodium-sensitive hypertension. Semin Nephrol. 2005 Nov;25(6):419-24.
  • Schmidlin O, Sebastian AF, Morris RC Jr. What initiates the pressor effect of salt in salt-sensitive humans? Observations in normotensive blacks. Hypertension 2007; 49:1032.
  • Forman JP, Scheven L, de Jong PE, Bakker SJ, Curhan GC, Gansevoort RT. Association between sodium intake and change in uric acid, urine albumin excretion, and the risk of developing hypertension. Circulation. 2012 Jun 26;125(25):3108-16. Epub 2012 Jun 18 DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.096115
  • Mente A, O'Donnell MJ, Rangarajan S, McQueen MJ, Poirier P, Wielgosz A, et al. Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):601-11 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311989
  • Cook NR, Cutler JA, Obarzanek E, Buring JE, Rexrode KM, Kumanyika SK, et al. Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP). BMJ. 2007 Apr 28;334(7599):885-8.
  • Slagman MC, Waanders F, Hemmelder MH, Woittiez AJ, Janssen WM, Lambers Heerspink HJ, et al. Moderate dietary sodium restriction added to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition compared with dual blockade in lowering proteinuria and blood pressure: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2011 Jul 26;343:d4366 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d4366
  • Pickering TH, Hall JE, Appel LJ, Falkner BE, Graves J, Hill MN, et al. Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals: part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research. Hypertension. 2005;45:142-61.
  • De Wardener HE, He FJ, MacGregor GA. Plasma sodium and hypertension. Kidney Int. 2004 Dec;66(6):2454-66.
  • Suckling RJ, He FJ, Markandu ND, MacGregor GA. Dietary salt influences postprandial plasma sodium concentration and systolic blood pressure. Kidney Int. 2012 Feb;81(4):407-11. Epub 2011 Nov 2 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2011.369
  • Weir MR, Dengel DR, Behrens MT, Goldberg AP. Salt-induced increases in systolic blood pressure affect renal hemodynamics and proteinuria. Hypertension. 1995 Jun;25(6):1339-44.
  • Turner ST, Schwartz GL, Chapman AB, Boerwinkle E. WNK1 kinase polymorphism and blood pressure response to a thiazide diuretic. Hypertension 2005; 46:758.
  • Siffert W, Düsing R. Sodium-proton exchange and primary hypertension. An update. Hypertension. 1995; 26:649.
  • Pimenta E, Gaddam KK, Oparil S, Aban I, Husain S, Dell'Italia LJ, et al. Effects of dietary sodium reduction on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension: results from a randomized trial. Hypertension. 2009 Sep;54(3):475-81. Epub 2009 Jul 20 DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.131235
  • Franklin SS, Larson MG, Khan SA, Wong ND, Leip EP, Kannel WB, Levy D. Does the relation of blood pressure to coronary heart disease risk change with aging? The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2001; 103: 1245-1249.
  • Kannel WB. Elevated systolic blood pressure as a cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Cardiol. 2000; 85: 251-255.
  • He FJ, Markandu ND, MacGregor GA. Modest salt reduction lowers blood pressure in isolated systolic hypertension and combined hypertension. Hypertension. 2005 Jul;46(1):66-70. Epub 2005 Jun 13.
Еще
Статья научная