E.P. Ovsyannikova (St. Petersburg) Peculiarities of the Novel of Re-Bildungsroman in the Russian Literature of 1920s – Early 1930s

The article analyzes the specifi cs of the refraction of the tradition of the Bildungsroman in the Soviet prose of the 1920s – early 1920s. In particular, with the help of comparative-historical method and the method of holistic analysis of literary work, the type of Bildungsroman – the novel of re-Bildungsroman, fi rst identifi ed by T. Motyleva, is studied on the material of novels by M. Shaginian, A. Bondin, and B. Yasensky, which mark the “protocanonical” phase of socialist realism literature. It is established, fi rstly, that the Soviet novel of re-Bildungsroman off ers a set path of the hero, the opposition of “old” / “new”, bourgeois past / bright communist future is brought to the forefront (the comparison of old and new is realized at the level of chronotope, marked by black-and-white graphics). Secondly, the functional pair of teacher-student in the re-Bildungsroman, characteristic of the Bildungsroman, undergoes some adjustments: the age and experience of the mentor are no longer fundamental characteristics, since the hero has a formed worldview – the ideological component comes to the fore. Thirdly, the hero of re-Bildungsroman resists new ideas; his re-education is an internal reorganization, the formation of new ideas about the world, which recently was alien to him. Fourth, while in M. Shaginian’s and A. Bondin’s novels the opposition between native / foreign is embodied in the consciousness of the heroes, in B. Yasensky’s novels it is realized territorially (the hero is an American, a representative of another nationality and culture) and ideologically.