Bishop Philothey of Perm: Itinerary Experience (up to 1485)

Study of itineraries, i.e. a critical analysis of places and dates of stay, travel routes, and movement condi-tions of various persons, has long been a noticeable trend in world medieval studies, but is still underdeveloped in Russian medieval studies. At the same time, this approach not only supplements knowledge about the biog-raphy of a particular person, but also provides an opportunity for an in-depth study of related problems: the mo-bility of travelers, transport forms, logistics capabilities, etc. at different stages of country development. The arti-cle examines the itinerary of Bishop Philotheus of Perm, one of the most prominent figures of the Russian bish-ops' corps of the 15th century. During the study, it was assumed that the route from Moscow to Ust-Vym in the late 15th century could take about a month, depending on the time of year, the nature of the trip, and specific weather conditions. Taking into account the peculiarities of movement between Moscow and Ust-Vym enabled the authors to provide additional arguments supporting Philotheus’s presence in Perm in April–July 1473 and in August 1479, to date the letter issued to the holy monk Yakim to 1473 (and not 1474), and to connect the ab-sence of Philotheus in Perm in the late 1484 – early 1485 with his trip to Moscow following the results of the campaign of the Moscow army beyond the Urals in 1483. Furthermore, the authors suggest which of the three missions to reconcile Ivan III and his brothers Philotheus might be involved in during 1480. In addition, it was shown that by the late 15th century, the mobility of most bishops in the Russian Church enabled them, when re-quired, to travel from their dioceses to Moscow within just a few days.