Foreign economic activity of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan as a sovereign state is actively working on the formation of an open economy. The basis for the construction of an open economy is the broad participation of countries in world economic relations, international division of labor. Consistently implementing measures to deepen economic reforms and the formation of a socially oriented market economy, Uzbekistan proceeds from the indisputable fact that the market economy is a free economy, it is open, alienation and isolation are alien to it. In this regard, the future of our economy is seen in its integration with the world economy.

It is not accidental that one of the important steps to ensure the legal sovereignty of the republic was the constitutional consolidation of Uzbekistan as an independent subject of international relations, determining foreign policy in its own interests, having the right to join international organizations, collective security systems, and interstate entities.

The Republic of Uzbekistan has actively joined the multilateral international economic cooperation mechanisms, has entered into and started to pursue an active policy in authoritative international financial and economic organizations such as the United Nations and its institutions, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the International Finance Corporation, the Organization for the Promotion of Economic Development , International labor organization, World health organization, and other leading financial and economic organization.

Many international organizations - the UN, the IMF, the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Commission of the European Union and others have opened their regional representations in the republic and actively cooperate with Uzbek partners.

A number of projects are being implemented with the participation of the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation and, in particular, promoting projects in the priority areas of the economy in the country for small and medium-sized businesses and financial support.

Uzbekistan together with the states of Central Asia became a member of the organization of economic cooperation created by Turkey, Iran and Pakistan. Within the framework of this organization, the republic takes an active part in the development and implementation of projects on the joint construction of interstate transport communications, providing for Uzbekistan access to seaports, transnational transport networks, world markets for goods and capital.

It should be noted that Uzbekistan's cooperation with international organizations has been and will continue to be built on the basis of a goal that combines both long-term and current priorities.

Firstly, it is a strategic integration task-direct integration into international monetary, financial and trade mechanisms on the basis of creating equal conditions for all economic entities of Uzbekistan to interact with the outside world and meeting national interests.

Secondly, it is a direct assistance in solving current problems of the republic, supporting the ongoing reforms by obtaining financial, technical and consultative assistance from a number of these institutions on the basis of existing international experience.

At the initial stage of the implementation of reforms, it was necessary to form the modern foreign economic complex of the republic almost from scratch, to create essentially a new mechanism for regulating foreign economic activity. For three years of independence, the reform of foreign economic relations in Uzbekistan has made significant progress, above all, in organizational and legal aspects.

Almost all the newly created republican institutional structures. As already noted, the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations, the National Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs, and the customs service have been formed. The relevant foreign economic units are established and operate in the Cabinet of Ministers, ministries and departments, corporations, concerns, associations and local government bodies. With the participation of foreign partners established a national center of international trade. In some countries we have opened trading houses. Bilateral trade and industry chambers have been established between Uzbekistan and the United States, Great Britain, Germany and other countries interested in actively cooperating with the republic.

Since the beginning of the reform, the composition and structure of participants in foreign economic relations has changed. The right to enter the foreign market was received by more than two thousand economic entities of the republic, including associations, concerns, small and private enterprises.

In addition to foreign trade, other forms of foreign economic cooperation have become noticeably more active, and the number of enterprises with foreign investments created and functioning on the territory of the republic is increasing.

During the first years of independence, the main legislative acts were adopted, presidential decrees and government decisions were issued, laid the legal bases for expanding foreign relations, liberalizing all foreign economic activity, stimulating the development of the republic's export potential. These are, first of all, the laws "On Foreign Economic Activity", "On Foreign Investments and Guarantees of the Activity of Foreign Investors" and other legislative and regulatory acts that have made it possible to form the basic framework conditions for foreign economic relations, conclude and execute international treaties in the field of foreign economic activity, provide protection Economic interests of the Republic, legal entities and citizens of Uzbekistan beyond its borders, establish legal guarantees for five foreign investors in the country.

Foreign trade was carried out at the first stage of reforms in two directions: with CIS countries on the basis of concluded intergovernmental agreements and with foreign countries settlements in freely convertible currency. In addition, the establishment of direct foreign economic cooperation ties was encouraged.

We pay paramount attention to strengthening and developing multilateral ties and close cooperation with the states of Central Asia. Indeed, the fraternal peoples of Central Asia have firmly attached themselves to a common history, common cultural traditions, a similar way of life and mentality, and many others. And the problems of today - political, economic, cultural, environmental - in many respects coincide with the Central Asian states. The economies of these republics are strongly inter-integrated and have mutual influence.

With the participation of foreign partners in the country, projects have been launched to create new joint ventures, such as UzDaewooAuto and UzDauelectronics (Republic of Korea), Uzitalmotor (Italy), UzBat (Great Britain), Khorezm APO (with Firm "Mercedes-Benz", Germany), textile enterprises, etc. With the participation of German and South Korean companies, modernization of telephone networks of the republic was started.

Uzbekistan seeks to take its rightful place in the world community. Uzbekistan is open to the world and strive for the world to be open to it. The increasing expansion of technological and geographical boundaries, as well as the development of new public institutions, led to the formation of a business environment characterized by competition on a global scale. Its distinctive features are the use of foreign countries as a base for the production and marketing of products and the rapid dissemination of new products and new processes on an international scale.

Used sources:

• 1.    Alexey Kireev. International Economics. Part one. Moscow. International relationships. 2000

• 2.    Scientific and Practical Journal The market, money and credit, 12/2012.

• 3.    World economy. O.V. Kornienko. M: Peter. 2010.

• 4.    World economy trends over 100 years. Edited by I.S. Queen. M: The economist. 2010.