Foreign finance for migration in Vietnam after the Geneva agreements of 1954

Both Vietnamese and foreign historians have extensively studied the migration from North to South in Vietnam following the Geneva Agreement of 1954. It is widely acknowledged by scholars that the migration occurred promptly after the signing of the Geneva Agreement, lasting for about 300 days and involving the movement of troops from both the French Union and the DRV. During this period, approximately nearly one million people from North Vietnam migrated to the South, with the majority being Vietnamese Catholic. This article aims to realistically recreate the process of implementing foreign financial support for migration. It will comprehensively and accurately quantify the scale and structure of the use of these aid sources. The author will discuss and explain the purposes, as well as the key reasons France, the US, the Vatican, and the international Catholic community invested in this migration. The article will draw important conclusions about the role and influence of these aid sources and find worthy explanations for these questions: Why were there more than 887,000 Vietnamese refugees to the South in less than a year? What motivated them to leave their homeland, ancestors' graves, family and future in the North to migrate to distant and unfamiliar places?