Formation of primary schoolchildren’s values: Specifics determined by the targets of moral educational

Introduction. The article examines the problem of shaping values of modern children within the education system. The aim of the study is to identify value orientations of primary school students in the context of the goals established in the federal curriculum for moral education. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological bases of the study include the axiological, systemic, and reflexive-activity approaches. These approaches are united by a common idea in educational science. This idea is to promote the development of the child’s personality through the formation of certain value orientations. In addition, the approaches consider the educational process as a system of interrelated elements and organize activities based on reflection on the child’s subjectivity. Empirical data were collected using a questionnaire. The study involved Year 4 primary schoolchildren (n = 6,039) attending comprehensive secondary schools from 32 regions of the Russian Federation. Results. The authors obtained the following results: - they analyzed and summarized research by Russian and international scholars on the formation of children’s and young people’s value orientations in modern conditions; - they identified the need to take into account the personal and subjective position of modern children and their existing social and cultural experience of citizenship joint activities in comprehensive secondary educational institutions; - they identified the characteristics of the value orientations of primary school students in the context of the goals established by the federal curriculum for moral education; - they identified the directions for designing moral educational work with primary school students in comprehensive secondary schools. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, the value orientations of primary school children were identified in relation to the social values defined in the regulatory documents governing the work of educational institutions in the Russian Federation. The research results can be used by teachers in designing targeted moral educational activities with primary school students in accordance with state educational policy in modern social and cultural conditions.