Formative ideas of the Bauhaus and their influence on the theory of architecture of the first half of the ХХ century

The article examines the complex of ideas developed in the Bauhaus, thanks to which the boundaries of artistic space expanded, which also had an impact on the theory of architecture in rst half of the twentieth century. The author notes that the trend toward design as an opportunity to express human creative nature emerged during the Renaissance, and at the beginning of the twentieth century, architecture acquired such characteristics as incompleteness and maximum openness. The author dwells on the analysis of a number of factors (for example, the emergence of new building materials, urbanization) that contributed to the transformation of traditional architecture. One of the dominant elements of the concept proposed by the Bauhaus masters is projectivity, producing a new type of architecture, which can be designated as “virtual reality.” In conclusion, it is noted that the merit of the Bauhaus lies in overcoming the opposition “mass art elite art” in the rst third of the twentieth century, the formation of which began at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In addition, in the work of the Bauhaus masters there is a combination of architectural form and applied art, which gave impetus to the development of design as an independent sphere of creativity. Another of the most important achievements of the Bauhaus should be considered the developed and tested principle of industrial production the principle of expediency, functionality, which acquires the status of aesthetic.