Foundations of Classical Arabic Poetics

The study summarizes the impact of structuralism and linguistic methodology in establishing a s cientific understanding of the literary text. Structuralism is seen as a turning point that views the text as a closed linguistic structure with a coherent internal system, distancing itself from traditional interpretations tied to the context of productio n. Despite the criticisms directed at it, structuralism remains a foundational approach in modern critical knowledge, particularly through its interaction with post structuralist and deconstructionist approaches that have broadened the horizons of reading and interpretation. In the Arab context, however, the reception of these Western methodologies has been partial and limited, leading to misinterpretation and a lack of systematic understanding, as noted by thinkers such as Mahmoud Amin Al Alam and Adonis. Modern linguistics has played a central role in consolidating this scientific perspective by reinforcing the view of the text as a network of internal linguistic relations. This has contributed to the emergence of new critical approaches such as semiotics and deconstruction, transforming the perception of the literary text from being merely a social or historical reference to an independent linguistic entity open to multiple interpretations.