State regulation and support of venture business

Numerous attempts of the Russian state to “start” the process of investment and innovative development of the national economy constantly encounter serious barriers, overcoming of which is associated with the resource and time consumption. Among the problems one can mention: general trends of global economic growth slowdown; fall prices for energy resources that represent a significant share of domestic exports; shortage of financial resources due to economic sanctions; high transaction costs and the lack of market demand for domestic innovations. In the late 1990s there was a need for rethinking of issues related to the full resource provision of transition to an innovative type of development of economic systems at all levels. To determine strategic priorities, basic resources and sources of investment and innovation development one must specify the location, function and role of the state in the transition of the national economy to a new technological mode; identify main positions, according to which a national concept of financing of expanded innovative reproduction should be developed. The structure of a new technological mode is formed on the basis of innovations and interrelated innovation clusters, which involves promotion of new basic technical-technological machines, technologies, products, organizational and management models and systems, adapting to the rapidly changing conditions of the market situation, as well as strengthening of the role and innovative ventures activity. All of this in its turn requires an adequate, developed at the macro level, innovative strategy and policy, which guarantee the balance of development proportions at all levels of the economy. The function of the state, which determines the dynamics of innovative reproduction and strengthening of the technological base, is increased.