Characterization of the protein complex of soybean varieties bred at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops

The biochemical composition of soybean seeds determines the use of soybeans as a source of food and feed proteins. In this study, the protein complex of seeds of soybean varieties bred at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops was evaluated. The mass fraction of protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method on a VELP Scientifica device (Italy). Amino-acid composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography on a Sevco ARM-1000 amino-acid analyzer (Russia). Standard methods were used in the work. The ratio of amino-acid composition of soybean protein by functional groups as well as the protein content in soybean varieties bred at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (39.35-42.93%) were determined. The wholesomeness of soybean protein was estimated on the basis of the content of essential amino acids in relation to the FAO/WHO reference protein. During the research it was determined that all essential amino acids have score more than 100%. The biological value of the soybean samples was calculated and ranged from 71.20 to 79.10 %. The ratio of differences in amino acid composition varied from 20.90 to 28.80%. The utility coefficient of the amino acid composition of soybean seed protein differed slightly among varieties (0.68-0.72 fractions of unit). The best ratio of qualitative characteristics of the protein complex was observed in the variety Puma.