Healthcare System Technology using Smart Phones and Web Apps (Case Study Iraqi Environment)

The hospitals and clinic and healthcare environment are different from any other work environments. HC (Health Care System) is very complex because contains different type of Hospitals system like: healthcare providers, dental office, Clinic, insurance, legal issues, patient healthcare providers. Healthcare system will learn and provide the basics of healthcare concepts so can provide the successful on the job and also understand this system.

Now the Healthcare system has become very important thing. Whether in the hospitals, clinic, dental office.

Smart devices (smart phone or tablets) and applications give healthcare providers very good benefits: Improved Accuracy, Enhanced Productivity, better clinical and Decision-Making, better monitoring, Increased Efficiency.

Now there are different applications available now to help Healthcare providers and do important tasks, such as monitoring Diagnose Ear Infections [2], patient record, clinical decision-making, and training.

The smart devices (Smart phones or the tablets) give us very good combination of advantages of computers and communication advantages in the same device, This device can be carried with one hand, provide easy access and easy use in care environment.

Before the development of smart phones , the healthcare providers need good communication to access different types of resources like : email , video , voice , EMRs , EHRs , PACSs , CDSS , so all above resources provided by desktop computers, these computers don't give the portable feature that needed in healthcare.

provider                                             care provider

Fig.1.

To apply like Healthcare system in Iraq, the environment in Iraq need to:

• •   stable internet communication

• •   information security

• •   awareness

• •   providing workers and trained personnel

• •   provides smart phone for patient

• 2.    Previous Structural Design for Document Health Care System

• 3.    Application Design And Programming for Electronic Healthcare System

For the development of the health system by using modern technologies and take advantage of technological progress means to be summarized in a simple, formerly the health system structure before using smart devices techniques and programming sites.

Previous structural health system relies on simple systems and what can hardly be simpler, such as the adoption of traditional medical records or the use of a simplified database is linked in an integrated manner with doctors, nurses and administrators, technicians and workers health system.

In this respect the trend is to introduce the most accurate information techniques to the medical field for use in the health system structural development to become full flexibility to deal with the health system by physicians, patients, administrators, technicians, and maintain the important data in this area (keeping the secret, organize, manage, and making the right decision) and to save time and effort for health providers and thus will meet all the economic, administrative and service purposes in health institutions.

[4][5]In order to provide complete service and using various technology will design and programming mobile and web application for example will use mobile apps to diagnose and remotely monitoring heartbeat, blood pressure readings..etc, and the different between web application and mobile application, the data of web application is stored in server not in mobile device unlike data of mobile application that is stored in mobile device so when use web application not need to install the application because the data is stored in server and other use for web application is best way managing big data.

Implement Native Mobile Application

In fact, In order to create an application to smart phones or tablets there are top three platforms so in order to create an app for this three platforms, you must understand three operating systems, know how to code in three languages, and understand the UI (User Interface or User Graphic Interface) paradigms of each platform. So to write mobile code, will need to pick a programming language, and in the mobile development world, that language usually matches the dominant language of the platform. So in android the code is Java language, iniOS it's Objective-C or Swift language, and in Windows phones, its C# or Visual Basic.

Now for the view, will need to define the UI in a platform-specific way. In Android it's defined in an Android XML file, the AXML file in Windows Phone, in the Extensible Application Markup Language, or XAML file, and in iOS use a Xib file or write storyboards. Of course, if prefer to define the UI in code, can do that in each platform, too.

Fig.2.

Xamarin + Xamarin.Forms

^ Xamarin

Traditional Xamarin approach

With Xamarin. For ms: more code-sharing, native controls

So now the Right and perfect choose is [8]Xamarin , because Xamarin seeks to solve this storm and reduce the number of programming languages needed to build apps in all three systems, and it's been successful. It's a popular cross-platform toolkit. Picture below show some shared code native UI.

Native UI From Shared Code

Fig.3.

[6][7]In fact there are various choices available for mobile apps development. But Xamarin aimed directly at the .NET developer. Instead of learning three languages. There are other cross platform mobile tools available, but most of them suffer from performance lags when compared with the apps built with the native languages and tools. Not so with Xamarin. Xamarin apps leverage platform-specific hardware acceleration, and they're compiled for native performance.

The applications that built with xamarin give all features and all functions of native platform. That includes platform capabilities for example: Android Fragments and for iOS iBeacons.

[9]the native Applications can more effectively use phone hardware such as accelerometers , camera and give ability to work and connect to external sensors.

There are three major parts of the Xamarin ecosystem. Xamarin Platform is the main developer part of Xamarin. It provides a set of runtime engines, code APIs, code samples, and virtual machines. The platform targets Android and iOS apps, Mac OS 10 applications, and the Microsoft Windows phones and tablets. Xamarin also has a Test Cloud. It provides an automatic online testing harness that allow application to be tested on thousands of real devices in the Cloud.

The third major part of the system is Xamarin Insights. It is an application monitoring service that tracks app crashes and exceptions and helps the builders know in real time what is happening with applications users.

Now will use Xamarin. Android to build Android apps with Xamarin it is maen work with C# Language not Java. and define UI (User Interface) and activities in the usual Android way.Xamarin provides the runtime and bindings to make it all work.

[10]Xamarin.Forms The key benefit of Xamarin. Forms is that it is truly cross platform. it is mean write shared business code for all the platforms, and define a shared UI with the Microsoft XAML markup language. Without Forms, will need to find three separate UI layers, one for Android, another for iOS, and yet another for Windows devices.

Xamarin is a way to make mobile apps quickly for all platforms with a single, shared C# code base, build a custom native user interface for each platform, or use Xamarin. Forms to write a single shared user interface across platforms.

Web Application Implementation

What is web application: [12] [13] Web applications are application programs that can be accessed over the internet through any device (laptop, mobile, tablet) that have web browser,

[15]MVC is a framework that use to build web applications:

• •    M is refers to the Model for dealing with database. V is refers to the View that is responsible for displaying the data.

• •    C is refers to the Controller link between model and view.

• •    Also by using HTML, CSS, JavaScript can design UI (User Interface). By the end will be able to:

• •    Create app for top tree platform using Xamarin.[6][8]

• •    Create an web application using ASP.NET MVC and Web API .[14]

• 4.    Limitations

In order to introduce perfect service to patient also need live support so we need to real time functionality so will use SignalR

So this application also can work for Android or IOS or Windows Phone by creating a different UI for those platforms.

• •    The failure of infrastructure environment for communication and information.

• •    Network and Information Security.

• •    The economic situation.

• •    Lack of awareness.

• •    Weak communications network.

• •    The weakness of employee training.

• •    E-illiteracy.

• •    The lack of electronic centers close to residential complex.

• 5.    Conclusion

The table below describe the First 6 months After Appling the healthcare system using smart Devices.

Table 1.

Month No	Dealing Without HealthCare System	Desktop App	HealthCare System (Smart Devices)
1	100%	0%	0%
2	80%	20%	10%
3	70%	30%	25%
4	60%	40%	40%
5	50%	45%	60%
6	30%	50%	80%

Healthcare system has many advantages to healthcare providers and patient, Healthcare system can decreases the costs, Improved Accuracy, better monitoring, Increased Efficiency, also give everyone the coverage no matter how sick.

Smart devices (smart phones or tablets) and it's applications are very valuable tools for healthcare providers, and expected to be more widely expanded. But until now some healthcare providers still reluctant to adopt it.

After all the advantages of healthcare system now highly need to make certain the level of quality and safety while using this applications or use this tools . after implement healthcare system expect will be the ability to give very meaningful information and accurate and right in time, also improve the patient results.