ICT Definition Implication on ICT Career Choice and Exclusion among Women

Автор: Muchiri Michael Njoki, Franklin Wabwoba, Elyjoy Muthoni Micheni

Журнал: International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science(IJITCS) @ijitcs

Статья в выпуске: 5 Vol. 8, 2016 года.

Бесплатный доступ

ICT is driving all areas of the economy and is likely to dictate the future for all genders. The narrow definition of ICT has greatly impacted on the female gender choosing ICT as a career of choice. There are few women in the ICT careers. The study sought to determine the nature of ICT career gender exclusion, status and trend of ICT job opportunities, source of ICT gender career exclusion and the contribution of the narrow definition to the exclusion. A mixed method of survey and desktop method was employed in this study. A structured questionnaire was used in this study in order to identify the factors that influence ICT career choice amongst Kenyan lady students. A purposive sample of Information Technology and Computer Science undergraduate university students (77 females, 56 males; age range 17 to 35 years) and 10 postgraduate students in Information Technology from two public universities participated in the study. The paper discusses the emerging unfilled ICT jobs. The study established that the narrow definition negatively influences ICT as a career of Choice among girls. Broadening ICT definition to include ICT related careers that have more social rather than technical aspect accordingly is likely to influence more women to join the field.

Еще

Career choice, ICT, ICT career gender exclusion, ICT jobs trends, Source of ICT gender career exclusion

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/15012487

IDR: 15012487

Список литературы ICT Definition Implication on ICT Career Choice and Exclusion among Women

  • Edwards and Quinter “Factors Influencing Students Career Choices among Secondary School students in Kisumu Municipality, Kenya” Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS), 2011, 2 (2): 81-87. Scholarlink Research Institute Journals, (ISSN: 2141-6990) jeteraps.scholarlinkresearch.org
  • Ferry N.M “Factors Influencing Career Choices of Adolescents and Young Adults in Rural Pennsylvania” Extension Journal, 2006, 44( 3), Inc. ISSN 1077-5315
  • Clayton, K “Engaging our future ICT professionals: What is the missing piece of the puzzle?” In Proceedings of Women, Work and IT, Contemporary Perspectives on the Reproduction of Gender Inequality in Employment. 2005, (Eds: Whitehouse, G. and Diamond, C.), School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland.
  • UN women “Girls in STEM and ICT Careers: The path toward gender Equality” UNESCO report, 2013
  • Anyira, I. E. "Gender implication in awareness and use of search engines by private university lecturers in south-south, Nigeria." Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2013, Paper 1039. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1039
  • Cukier W., Shortt D., & Devine I. “Gender and Information Technology: Implications of Definitions”, Journal of Information systems Education, 2011,13(1)
  • Yen, J. W., Quinn, K., Lange S. E., Riskin E. A., Denton, D. D. “Advance Mentoring Program for Women Faculty in SEM at the University of Washington”, ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, Portland, OR./ ,2005
  • ACM “Association for Computing Machinery Computing Surveys (CSUR)”, 2005, 37:1 http://www.acm.org/
  • Schrader, C., Hampikian, J., and Moll, A “What Women Want: Female- Friendly Faculty Recruitment”, ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, Chicago, IL, 2000, Paper 2006-2371.
  • Connor H, Hillage J, Millar, J and Willison R “An Assessment of skill needs in information and communication technology”, Institute for Employment Studies, 2001, draft report downloadable from www.skillsbase.dfee.gov.uk/Downloads/ICTreport.pdf
  • Huyer, S., & Sikoska T. “Overcoming the gender digital divide: Understanding ICTs and their potential for the empowerment of women” Instraw research paper series, 2003 no 1 Retrieved November 27, 2010, http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/SHS/pdf/Overcoming-Gender-Digital-Divide.pdf
  • Bandura A, Barbaranelli C, Caprara GV, Pastorelli C “Self–efficacy beliefs as shapers of children’s aspirations and career trajectories” Child Development, 2001, 72: 187–206.
  • Lee, E. “Effects of gendered language on gender stereotyping in computer-mediated communication: The moderating role of depersonalization and gender-role orientation” Human Communication Research, 2007, 33: 515-535.
  • Craig, A., Fisher, J., & Lang, C. “ICT and girls: The need for a large scale intervention programme” In Proceedings of the 18th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, 2007, (pp. 761 - 769). Toowoomba, Qld, Australia, 5-7 December.
  • Debra Howcroft & Eileen M. Trauth, “The implications of a critical agenda in gender and IS research” Info Systems J, 2008, 18:185–202
  • Castaño and Webster, “Understanding Women’s Presence in ICT: the Life Course Perspective” International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 2012, 3(2) http://genderandset.open.ac.uk. In association with the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Open University of Catalonia
  • Denning, P. “The Profession of IT: Who Are We?” Communications of the ACM, 2001,44(2): 15-18.
  • Mbuguah. S and Karume S, “Trends in Electronic Money Transfer in Kenya” Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences, 2013, 4(1)
  • Alotaibi M. B “Mobile computing trends in Saudi Arabia: An exploratory study” I. J. Information Technology and Computer Science, 2015, 7(7): 19-27
  • Armstrong J. S. “How tp avoid exploratory research” Journal of Advertising Research, 1970, 10:27-30
  • Cheon M. J., Groven V. and Sabherwel “The evolution of empirical research in IS: a study in IS maturity” Information & Management, 1993, 24:107-109
  • Kothari C. R. “Research methodology: Methods and techniques” New age International, 2004
  • Kitzinger J. “Qualitative research. Introducing focus groups” BMJ: British Medical Journal, 1995, 311:299
  • Steward D. W. “Focus groups: Theory and Practice”, Sage, 2007, 20
  • Hotchkiss, G “Human hardware: men and women” Retrieved June 25, 2012 from www.searchengineland.com/human-hardware http://boingboing.net/2007/04/15/female-Internet-user.html http://scholarsarchive.jwu.edu/dissertations/AAI3177197
  • Colley, A. “Gender differences in adolescents' perceptions of the best and worst aspects of computing at school” Computers in Human Behavior, 2003, 19:673-682.
  • Caspi, A., Chajut, E., & Saporta, K. “Participation in class and in online discussion: Gender differences” Computers & Education, 2006, 50:718-724.
  • Cukier, W. and Devine I. “Information Technology and Women’s Participation: A Critical Perspective on IT Paradigms,” Administrative Sciences Association of Canada Annual Conference (ASAC), London, Ontario, May 2001.
  • Sumanjeet, “Social Implications of Electronic Commerce” Journal of Social Sciences, 2009, 21(2): 91-97
  • Bimber, B. “Measuring the gender gap on the Internet” Social Science Quarterly, 2000, 81(3): 868-876.
  • Young and Webb “Perhaps It’s Time for a Fresh Approach to ICT Gender Research?” Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology, 2005, 37(2) Australian Computer Society Inc
  • Cuny, J. and Aspray, W. “Recruitment and Retention of Women Students in Computer Science and Engineering: Results of a Workshop Organized by the Computing Research Association”, San Francisco: Computing Research Association. (21-22 June 2000)
  • Elijah, O.A and Ogunlade, I. “Analysis of the uses of information and communication technology for gender empowerment and sustainable poverty alleviation in Nigeria” International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2006, 2(3): 45-69.
  • World Economic Forum, “The Global Information Technology Report 2013” Growth and Jobs in a Hyperconnected World, 2013.
  • European Commission “More women in senior positions; Key to economic stability and growth” Publications Office of the European Union, 2010. ISBN 978-92-79-14415-8 , doi:10.2767/92882
  • Alexander P M, Holmner M, Lotriet H H, Matthee M C, Pieterse H V, Naidoo S, Twinomurinzi H and Jordaan D “Factors affecting career choice: Comparison between students from computer and other disciplines” 2010
  • International Telecommunication Union, 2012
  • Shumba A & Naong M, “Factors Influencing Students’ Career Choice and Aspirations in South Africa” Journal of Social Sciences, 2012, 33(2):169-178.
  • Kiptalam, G.K and Rodrigues, A.J. “Internet Utilization: A Case of Connected Rural and Urban Secondary Schools in Kenya” International Journal of Computing and ICT Research, 2010, 4(1):49 - 63. http://www.ijcir.org/volume4-number1/article6.pdf
  • Wasike y, 2009
  • Pummel, B., Harwood, C. and Lavallee, D. “Jumping to the next level: A qualitative examination of within career transition in adolescent’s event riders” Psychology of Sport and exercise, 2008, 9(4): 427-447.
  • Watson M, McMahon M, Foxcroft C, Els C. “Occupational aspirations of low socio-economic Black South African children”, 2010
  • Valenduc G. “Not a Job for Life? Women's Progression, Conversion and Dropout in ICT Professions” International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 2011, 3(2): 483-500
  • Perrone K.M., Sedlacek E.W. & Alexander M.C. “Gender and ethnic differences in career goal attainment” Career Development Quarterly, 2001, 50 (2):168–178
  • O’Neill K & Shortt D “ICT and Women. Information Technology Association of Canada” Journal of Career Development, 2009, 37(4): 717–734. Doi:10.1177/08948 45309359351.
Еще
Статья научная