Infantile hemangiomas: absolute indications for Nd : YАР Q-Sw/ KTP 1079/540 nm laser treatment

Infantile hemangiomas, the most common neonatal tumors, are characterized by rapid proliferation which induces various complications. In such cases expectant tactics are not justified. The goal of the study was to determine the incidence of hemangiomas requiring active treatment modality and to assess absolute indications for treatment with the Nd: YAP Q-Sw / KTP method using two wavelengths of 1079/540 nm. Materials and methods. A prospective study of 122 children with infantile hemangiomas aged 1 to 24 months was conducted, including assessment of clinical picture of hemangiomas, distribution of hemangiomas according to their localization and size and ultrasound scanning. To calculate the tumor proliferation rate, the hemangioma size and its growth ratio relative to the patient’s body area in dynamics were determined. Absolute indications for Nd: YAP Q-Sw / KTP 1079/540 nm laser treatment of vascular tumors were: localization in dangerous anatomical zones (mucous membrane of the oral cavity, ear auricle, periorbital area, loin, perineum, hands and feet); the rapid growth of hemangioma regardless of location and size; the tumor location in the dermis (mixed hemangiomas) revealed by ultrasound investigation. Results. In 122 children 132 vascular tumors were detected. In 17 children (12.9 %) hemangiomas are located in anatomically dangerous areas. Of 132 hemangiomas ultrasound detected mixed tumors in 38 patients (28.8 %) and deep tumors in 10 children (7.57 %). Of 132 hemangiomas, laser treatment was absolutely indicated in 64.4 % (85) cases. In 10 (7.6 %) cases due to the deep localization of tumors other methods of treatment were indicated. In 37 (28 %) cases superficial hemangiomas laser treatment was used to stimulate involution. Conclusion. Rapid proliferation, localization of tumors in anatomically dangerous areas, mixed hemangiomas are absolute indications for Nd: YAP Q-Sw / KTP 1079/540 nm laser treatment to prevent complications and internal organs disorders.