Engineering of an improved model of a chemisorption-adsorption chemical-technological system for the recovery of volatile organic compounds from a gas oil tanker mixture

The article discusses the improvement of chemical and technological systems used for the recovery of oil vapors through chemisorption and adsorption processes, including a chemisorption unit. This unit, which consists of a disk-based chemo-absorber, is designed to remove harmful sulfur components from the gas mixture in oil tanker vessels. These components can negatively affect activated carbon filters and pollute the atmosphere The relevance of this research lies in the fact that marine terminals emit significant amounts of light organic compounds and sulfur into the atmosphere during the process of filling oil tanks. The intense evaporation of oil during this process leads to air pollution and loss of valuable product. To solve this problem, we propose using chemical technology systems with a sulfur compound purification unit. However, their implementation requires additional equipment, which can increase consumption and often leads to an increase in electricity usage. The main goal of this study was to find ways to improve environmental safety and optimize adsorption and absorption systems for recovering volatile organic compounds from gas mixtures at oil tanker terminals. We took into account the current technical state of these terminals. We found that the proposed purification unit can reduce energy consumption by eliminating the need for additional installations such as gas blowers. It also increases the efficiency of adsorption filters by 15-25%. The effectiveness of low-pressure gas purification from hydrogen sulfide has been confirmed by laboratory studies using a desulfurization reactor. The use of a homogeneous catalyst for gas purification ensures the conversion of hydrogen sulfide into sulfur and mercaptans into disulfides, while reducing the content of residual hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan to less than 1 ppm. The efficiency of recovering volatile organic compounds from gas mixtures on oil tanker vessels has also been confirmed using a chemisorption-adsorption chemical technology system.