Performing freedom in the context of a romantic worldview: from Franz Liszt to Nikolay Medtner

Ideas about the relationship between the notes of the scale were perceived from antiquity to the Enlightenment as the key to the knowledge of the Universe with a characteristic analytical component. Focusing on the disclosure of the human culture has determined the highest ideals associated with the self-knowledge of man, to overcome the chilling conventions of being. The change in the musical form of the work in the era of romanticism is largely due to the invention of modern tuning, known as a uniform temperament, the adoption of which was “suffered” primarily by mathematical and philosophical discourse for centuries. The change in the musical system, combined with the accepted ideals of the romantic era, led to the emergence of music by romantic composers. Improving the mechanics of the piano, keyboard system significantly expanded the range of expressive means and predetermined the further development of the performing technique of piano playing. Teaching activity of Franz Liszt and Nikolay Medtner is associated with the development of the ideas of romanticism and the basic principles of the performing art of romantics. In this regard, the musicians-teachers pay special attention to the analysis of the pianistic apparatus, which is of great importance in improving the performing art of playing the piano. The continuity of students in the field of basic principles of performing freedom determines the relevance of techniques based on the key features of the piano performing art of romantics