Использование четырехкомпонентных смесей с предварительным проращиванием рапса, в экструзионных технологиях

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of the main component of the mixture with the inclusion of sprouted rape seeds on the nutritional value of extruded feed. Research objectives are to determine the qualitative characteristics of a four-component extruded mixture with the inclusion of sprouted rape seeds, depending on the main component used. In the studies, wheat Novosibirskaya 15 (elite), barley Biom, oats Sayan RS 3 were used as the main components. Other components of the mixture were: Zaryanica RS1 soybeans, Radomir peas (elite), rape seeds Trapper B4 2018. Studies on the extrusion of four-component mixtures based on wheat, barley or oats with the inclusion of soybeans, peas and sprouted rape seeds were carried out at the Engineering Center of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The samples were examined according to accredited methods at the FSBI "Krasnoyarsk Reference Center of Rosselhoznadzor" and FSBI State Center of Agrochemical Service "KRASNOYARSKY". The largest amount of crude protein is found in the extruded mixture based on wheat (25.24 %). The crude fat content of the wheat, barley and oat extrudates was 7.70 %, respectively; 9.10 and 9.00 %. In the compared samples, the crude fiber content varied from 5.88 % (based on barley) to 10.37 % (based on oats). The content of nitrogen-free extractive substances varied in the compared variants from 52.15 to 57.53 %. The largest amount of carotene is found in variants based on barley (7.0 mg/kg) and oats (6.0 mg/kg), starch based on wheat (35.9 %) and barley (35.9 %), sugar based on barley (5.76 %) and oats (5.52 %). The highest content of exchangeable energy was in the extruded feed mixtures based on barley (14.02 MJ/kg DM) and wheat (13.88 MJ/kg DM), the lowest based on oats (13.26 MJ/kg DM).