Using secondary resources in production as a strategically important element of modern industry: prerequisites, economic features, and barriers

This article examines the use of secondary resources in industrial production using the polymer pipe industry as an example. It underscores the importance of transitioning to a circular model of raw material circulation, particularly amid rising volumes of plastic waste and stricter environmental regulations for water supply and sanitation infrastructure. The novelty of the study lies in comparing the regulatory requirements, economic effects, and technological limitations associated with the inclusion of recycled material in the production of polyethylene and polypropylene pipes. The article describes global trends in the development of the recycled plastic pipe market, analyzes international standards and industry guidelines, and examines recent research on the durability and life cycle of polymer pipes. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the recycled-material share on the carbon footprint, costs, and reliability of pipeline systems. The study aims to identify the conditions under which the use of recycled polymers becomes economically justified without degrading performance characteristics. Methods of comparative, economic, and regulatory analysis, as well as the interpretation of life cycle study results, are applied. The conclusion highlights barriers to the adoption of recycled material and suggests ways for industrial and infrastructure operators to overcome them.