Studying the phenol complex and color characteristics of red wines from cabernet sauvignon variety growing in Kuban

The purpose of the study is to identify the dependence of the phenolic complex and color characteristics of red wines from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes produced in different zones in the Krasnodar Region. The objects of study are red wines of the 2020 harvest from Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc grapes with a protected geographical indication. We used modern instrumental methods of analysis and their combinations, including chromatography, spectrophotometry and chemometrics. A spectrophotometric analysis of wine samples from various manufacturers purchased in the Krasnodar retail chain was carried out. A different influence of the geographical origin of Cabernet grapes on the quality parameters of the resulting wines has been revealed. The total phenolic composition of the samples was determined, including the coloring matter of anthocyanins. To determine the chromatic characteristics of wines, a UNICO 1201 spectrophotometer was used; measurements were carried out at characteristic wavelengths (420, 520, and 620 nm) taking into account the recommendations of the International Organization of Vine and Wine. It has been experimentally established that the content of pigments in wines from the Cabernet variety in the studied geographical areas has differences. Quantitative chromatic characteristics showed the formation of the color of dry red wines from Cabernet grapes from different producers. The results obtained are of oenological interest for the wine industry, since the choice of a vineyard site for Cabernet can significantly affect the quality characteristics of the product. The results of the study contribute to the creation and replenishment of databases of authentic wines of the Kuban on the phenolic composition and color characteristics of wines, as well as the development and improvement of a modern system for assessing the quality and authenticity of wine products in the Russian Federation. A quality assessment system will be useful to producers and consumers to protect the names of specific wines and promote their unique characteristics associated with geographical origin. Such a methodology can be adopted to create chromatic references for wines, allowing for a more broad and objective classification of wine color.